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Sprache nach der Re-Migration : am Beispiel der russischsprachigen Zuwanderung in Deutschland
(2011)
Over the past 30 years, more than 3 million migrants from the former Soviet Union have settled in Germany. At the Institute for German Language (Mannheim, Germany), the linguistic processes accompanying this Russian-German migration are currently being examined. In the present paper, three typical subtypes of this migration context will be analysed: »Inseldeutsch« (‘island German), »frühes Hochdeutsch« ( ‘early Standard German), and »Aussiedlerdeutsch« (the German of Russian-German migrants). What the analysis will suggest is that the general tendency is for the migrants’ linguistic choices and the emerging (migrant) varieties to be oriented both to the norms of Standard German and to the local dialects of their new homes.
Language attitudes may be differentiated into attitudes towards speakers and attitudes towards languages. However, to date, no systematic and differentiated instrument exists that measures attitudes towards language. Accordingly, we developed, validated, and applied the Attitudes Towards Languages (AToL) scale in four studies. In Study 1, we selected 15 items for the AToL scale, which represented the three dimensions of value, sound, and structure. The following studies replicated and validated the three-factor structure and differential mean profiles along the three dimensions for different languages (a) in a more diverse German sample (Study 2), (b) in different countries (Study 3), and (c) when participants based their evaluations on speech samples (Study 4). Moreover, we investigated the relation between the AToL dimensions and stereotypic speaker evaluations. Results confirm the reliability, validity, and generalizability of the AToL scale and its incremental value to mere speaker evaluations.