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In der Physiotherapie erlernen Patienten Übungen, um Erkrankungen des Bewegungsapparats durch Bewegung zu therapieren. Angeleitet werden sie hierzu durch multimodale Instruktionen, die als längere Instruktions‚sequenzen‘ aus Direktiva, Korrekturen und Accounts gestaltet sind. Anhand eines Korpus aus Videoaufnahmen erforscht diese Arbeit erstmals die Instruktionspraxis in authentischen Physiotherapiesitzungen in Bezug auf die verbalen und leiblichen Praktiken des Instruierens.
Der Fokus der multimodalen Analysen liegt auf den Einsatzbedingungen und spezifischen instruktionalen Leistungen der einzelnen Handlungsressourcen (wie Sprache, Blick, Gestik, Demonstration, Berührung etc.) und ihrer genauen Realisierung. Insbesondere in der Erforschung taktiler Praktiken betritt die Studie Neuland in der Interaktionsanalyse. Die lückenlose Aufnahme ganzer Physiotherapieprozesse ermöglicht zudem Einblicke in die longitudinale Entwicklung von Instruktionsprozessen und deren Veränderung in Abhängigkeit vom ‚common ground‘ innerhalb längerer Interaktionsgeschichten.
Focusing on request sequences, this article explores dynamics of projection and anticipation, enabling participants to produce early responses to requests. In particular, the analyses highlight the importance of multimodal formatting and the specific temporalities of multiple multimodal resources for the emergence of projections and the possibility to anticipate an ongoing action. Moreover, the analyses pinpoint the relevance of the local ecology and the praxeological context for the participants, enabling them to anticipate the next relevant action. These features characterizing the temporality of multimodal Gestalts, the relevance of the local ecology, and the details of the praxeological context make it possible for participants to produce very early responses and also to accomplish an action even before it has been actually requested.
This study builds on a large body of work on the use of linguistic forms for requests in social interaction. Using Conversation Analysis / Interactional Linguistics, this study explores the use of two recurrent linguistic formats for requesting in spoken German – simple interrogatives ('do you do ..?') and kannst du VP? ('can you do..?') interrogatives. Based on a corpus of video-recorded, naturally occurring data of mundane data, this study demonstrates one of the interactional factors that is relevant for the choice between alternative interrogative request formats in spoken German – recipient's embodied availability before and during the request initiation. It is shown that simple interrogatives are used to request an action from a recipient who is either available or involved in their own project, which, however, does not have to be suspended or interrupted for the compliance with the request. In contrast, kannst du VP? interrogatives occur in environments in which the recipient is already engaged in a project that must be suspended in order to grant the request.
In informal interaction, speakers rarely thank a person who has complied with a request. Examining data from British English, German, Italian, Polish, and Telugu, we ask when speakers do thank after compliance. The results show that thanking treats the other’s assistance as going beyond what could be taken for granted in the circumstances. Coupled with the rareness of thanking after requests, this suggests that cooperation is to a great extent governed by expectations of helpfulness, which can be long-standing, or built over the course of a particular interaction. The higher frequency of thanking in some languages (such as English or Italian) suggests that cultures differ in the importance they place on recognizing the other’s agency in doing as requested.
This chapter describes the resources that speakers of Polish use when recruiting assistance and collaboration from others in everyday social interaction. The chapter draws on data from video recordings of informal conversation in Polish, and reports language-specific findings generated within a large-scale comparative project involving eight languages from five continents (see other chapters of this volume). The resources for recruitment described in this chapter include linguistic structures from across the levels of grammatical organization, as well as gestural and other visible and contextual resources of relevance to the interpretation of action in interaction. The presentation of categories of recruitment, and elements of recruitment sequences, follows the coding scheme used in the comparative project (see Chapter 2 of the volume). This chapter extends our knowledge of the structure and usage of Polish with detailed attention to the properties of sequential structure in conversational interaction. The chapter is a contribution to an emerging field of pragmatic typology.