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Zum Geleit
(2021)
Neben den wissenschaftlichen Aufsätzen, die nach den Qualitätskriterien
der heute üblichen doppelt anonymen Begutachtung ausgewählt wurden, enthält das Heft drei Berichte – zu einer Tagung zur Mehrsprachigkeit in Tartu, zu einem interdisziplinären DaF-Projekt in Tallinn sowie zu einer Forschungsgruppe zu Sprachkompetenzen und Deutschlernmotivationen von Student/innen in den baltischen und nordischen Ländern. Das Heft wird schließlich durch zwei Rezensionen abgerundet.
Die Erforschung von Sprache im öffentlichen Raum (Linguistic Landscapes, LL) hat sich in den vergangen 20 Jahren als Teilgebiet der Soziolinguistik, der Semiotik und anderer Disziplinen fest etabliert. Der vorliegende Band gibt einen Überblick zu zentralen Ansätzen der LL-Forschung mit einem Bezug zur deutschen Sprache. Die Beiträge stellen aktuelle Studien aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum, zu Deutsch als Minderheitensprache sowie aus Ländern mit einer ausgeprägten DaF-Tradition vor. Sie thematisieren sprachstrukturelle und soziolinguistische ebenso wie didaktische, methodische und technologische Aspekte. Damit trägt der Band zu einer Systematisierung der deutschsprachigen LL-Forschung bei, gibt Impulse für internationale Diskussionen und benennt wichtige Desiderata.
This chapter starts out by giving a brief overview of the main priorities of international and German studies in the area of linguistic landscape research. The contributions to this volume are then embedded in current debates and developments in the field. Finally, we outline important desiderata of linguistic landscape research that focus on German and address challenges of knowledge transfer and application as well as possible contributions to international lines of research.
Vorwort
(2021)
This chapter discusses functions of the German language in the Linguistic Landscape (LL) of the Baltic states, with a focus on the Latvian capital Riga. For this end, it applies the "Spot German" approach (cf. Heimrath 2017) in the context of debates on the international role of German (cf. Ammon 2015). It argues that German is an "additional language of society" (cf. Marten 2017b), i.e. it is not a dominant language in the Baltics but can regularly be found in a variety of functions. These relate both to the historical role of German in the region (including its contemporary commodification) and to current relations between the Baltics and the German-speaking countries. These include tourism, business, or educational and political institutions, but also point to, e.g., discourses on the quality assigned to products from the German-speaking region. In this sense, the Baltic states are part of what may, in accordance with Kachru's (1985) 3-circle-model for English, be labelled as "extended circle" of German. At the same time, the chapter discusses how conclusions from Linguistic Landscape research can be used for understanding marketing both in and for the German language: On the one hand, German carries the potential of persuading customers to opt for a certain product. On the other hand, the abundance of situations where German can be "spotted" suggests that the LL may successfully be used for language-marketing purposes, as exemplified by a brochure and a poster created by the DAAD Information Centre for the Baltic states in Riga.
This paper investigates synchronic variation in the lexical and grammatical environments of the German lexical verb verdienen ‘earn’, ‘deserve’. In its lexical uses, verdienen co-occurs with an object noun phrase whose head is either concrete (e.g. Geld ‘money’) or, more commonly, abstract (e.g. Beachtung ‘attention’). When it is used more grammatically with deontic modal meaning, verdienen is followed by a passive or active infinitive. This paper uses collostructional analyses to contrast lexical and grammatical uses in terms of the most strongly attracted lexical items, which are grouped into semantic classes. The results reflect different degrees of host-class expansion (cf. Himmelmann 2004), whereby the collexemes of verdienen expand from concrete to abstract and their morpho-syntactic contexts from nominal to infinitival complement and subsequently from passive to active. Synchronic distribution can thus serve as a window on diachronic development (Kuteva 2001), in this case the rise of a deontic modality marker.
Audio-based interpreting (by telephone or comparable devices) has lately become a widespread communicative practice in multilingual encounters, especially as a consequence of the refugee crisis. Despite the growing need for location-independent assistance, its linguistic-communicative requiremehts have hardly been explored. The central question posed by this paper is therefore: How do the participants in interpreter-mediated counselling sessions conducted via the telephone compensate for the lack of the co-presence and which strategies are (preferably) employed when determining turn-taking in such exceptional circumstances?
This article examines how the most frequent imperative forms of the verb to show in German (zeig mal) and Czech (ukaž) are deployed in object-centred sequences. Specifically, it focuses on smartphone-based showing activities as these were the main sequential environments of show imperatives in the datasets investigated. In both languages, the imperative form does not merely aim to elicit a responsive action from the smartphone holder (such as making the device available) but projects an individual course of action from the requester’s side in the form of an immediate visual inspection of the digital content. This inspection is carried out as part of a joint course of action, allowing the recipient to provide a more detailed response to a prior action. Therefore, this specific imperative form is proven to be cross-linguistically suited to technology-mediated inspection sequences.