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We taught a humanoid robot a number of different actions involving a number of different objects (e.g., touching a green object, moving a red object etc.) alongside a number of simplified linguistic labels for these behaviours (e.g., ‘touch-green’, ‘move-red’ etc.). The robot managed to learn the associations between the behaviours and their linguistic labels, and it succeeded in recognising the compositional structure of the behaviours and their associated linguistic descriptions (ACTION/VERB+OBJECT/NOUN). Moreover, it was able to generalise the learned instructions to novel, previously untrained action+object-combinations (e.g., touch-red). This corresponds to the task of learning and decomposing so-called ‘holophrases’ in early child language acquisition.
This paper presents the application of the <tiger2/> format to various linguistic scenarios with the aim of making it the standard serialisation for the ISO 24615 [1] (SynAF) standard. After outlining the main characteristics of both the SynAF metamodel and the <tiger2/> format, as extended from the initial Tiger XML format [2], we show through a range of different language families how <tiger2/> covers a variety of constituency and dependency based analyses.
We present an experimental approach to determining natural dimensions of story comparison. The results show that untrained test subjects generally do not privilege structural information. When asked to justify sameness ratings, they may refer to content, but when asked to state differences, they mostly refer to style, concrete events, details and motifs. We conclude that adequate formal models of narratives must represent such non-structural data.
A formal narrative representation is a procedure assigning a formal description to a natural language narrative. One of the goals of the computational models of narrative community is to understand this procedure better in order to automatize it. A formal framework fit for automatization should allow for objective and reproducible representations. In this paper, we present empirical work focussing on objectivity and reproducibility of the formal framework by Vladimir Propp (1928). The experiments consider Propp’s formalization of Russian fairy tales and formalizations done by test subjects in the same formal framework; the data show that some features of Propp’s system such as the assignment of the characters to the dramatis personae and some of the functions are not easy to reproduce.
Die Aufbauprinzipien europäischer Possessionssysteme basieren viel öfter als gemeinhin angenommen auf gespaltener Possession. Dieses im Deutschen nicht prominente Phänomen wird anhand von Daten aus ausgewählten Beispielsprachen als in Europa durchaus etablierte Erscheinung vorgestellt. Die mit ihm verbundenen semantischen und morphosyntaktischen Aspekte werden anhand von qualitativen Korpusdaten diskutiert. Die Restriktionen, denen sie unterliegen, sind ebenfalls Gegenstand der Diskussion. In den Schlussfolgerungen wird dafür plädiert, künftig der Possession bei vergleichenden Studien zu europäischen Sprachen mehr Beachtung zu schenken.
In meiner 2010 erschienenen Dissertation „Migration, Sprache und Rassismus“ habe ich mit ethnografischen, gesprächsanalytischen und -rhetorischen Methoden den Kommunikationsstil von zwei akademischen Migrantenmilieus(„emanzipatorische Migranten“ und „akademische Europatürken“) in Deutschland untersucht. Die Studie war Teil des Projekts „Deutschtürkische Sprachvariation und die Herausbildung kommunikativer Stile in dominant türkischen Migrantengruppen“, das am Institut für Deutsche Sprache durchgeführt wurde.