The 3-Circle-Model of English world-wide: Can it contribute to understanding the global position of German?
- This paper seeks to apply the principles of the famous 3-Circle-Model devised for the description of the ecolinguistic position of English world-wide to the position of German around the world. On the one hand, the 3-Circle-Model for English with its "Inner", "Outer" and "Extended/Expanding" Circles was invented by Kachru in the 1980s and has since then been adopted, refined and criticised by numerous authors. The situation of German world-wide, on the other hand, has only been scarcely discussed in the past 20 years. While the global extension of German is obviously by far weaker than that of English, there are also a number of noteworthy similarities in terms of historical spread and the current position of these two languages. This paper therefore discusses the analogies of global English and German by establishing three circles for German: the Inner Circle for the core German-speaking area, i.e. Germany, Austria and Switzerland; the Outer Circle including a number of German minority areas (mostly in Europe), and finally the Extended Circle which may be denoted as "Crumbling" rather than "Expanding". The latter comprises traditional German diaspora communities in different parts of the world which either result from migration, but also reflect the previous functions of German as a language of culture and as a lingua franca in regions like Eastern Europe. The paper argues that there are some striking structural similarities, but also shows the limits of this comparison.
Author: | Heiko F. MartenORCiDGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-115184 |
ISBN: | 978-3-631-62889-8 |
ISSN: | 1863-723X |
Parent Title (English): | Language contact around the globe. Proceedings of the LCTG3 conference |
Series (Serial Number): | Sprachkönnen und Sprachbewusstheit in Europa (5) |
Publisher: | Peter Lang |
Place of publication: | Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] |
Editor: | Amei Koll-Stobbe, Sebastian Knospe |
Document Type: | Part of a Book |
Language: | English |
Year of first Publication: | 2014 |
Date of Publication (online): | 2023/02/14 |
Publishing Institution: | Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) [Zweitveröffentlichung] |
Publicationstate: | Zweitveröffentlichung |
Reviewstate: | Peer-Review |
Tag: | 3-Circle-Model; diaspora communities; global extension; speech communities |
GND Keyword: | Deutsch; Englisch; Migration; Sprachkontakt; Sprachliche Minderheit; Verkehrssprache |
First Page: | 275 |
Last Page: | 297 |
Note: | Dies ist eine veröffentlichte Manuskriptfassung des Beitrags „The 3-Circle-Model of English world-wide: Can it contribute to understanding the global position of German?“ von Heiko F. Marten, erschienen in „Language contact around the globe. Proceedings of the LCTG3 conference“, hrsg. von Amei Koll-Stobbe und Sebastian Knospe in der Buchreihe „Sprachkönnen und Sprachbewusstheit in Europa“ (5). Das Buch kann unter dem folgenden Link aufgerufen werden: https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-653-04633-5 . © Peter Lang, 2014. Alle Rechte vorbehalten / All rights reserved. |
DDC classes: | 400 Sprache / 400 Sprache, Linguistik |
Open Access?: | ja |
Linguistics-Classification: | Angewandte Linguistik |
Licence (German): | Urheberrechtlich geschützt |