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In diesem Artikel soll es darum gehen, neuere theoretische Arbeiten zum Lexikon für lexikographische Anwendungen nutzbar zu machen. Insbesondere möchte ich einige Ergebnisse der neueren Valenzforschung skizzieren und sie zur gängigen lexikographischen Praxis der Valenzinformation in einsprachigen Lernerwörterbüchern in Beziehung setzen. Ich werde dabei vor allem auf einzelne der Forschungsergebnisse Bezug nehmen, die in den letzten zehn Jahren in dem Wuppertaler Forschungsprojekt „Valenz im Lexikon“ im Rahmen des Sonderforschungsbereichs 282 „Theorie des Lexikons“ entstanden sind. 1 Dazu werde ich im folgenden Abschnitt einige Annahmen der multidimensionalen Valenztheorie darstellen. In Abschnitt 3 wird es um typische Lernerfehler in den einzelnen Valenzdimensionen gehen, in Abschnitt 4 um Nicht-Notwendigkeit und die Interpretation impliziter Argumente und in Abschnitt 5 um semantische Bedingungen für Valenzalternanzen.
In English and French relational adjectives occurring in construction with deverbal nominalizations can be thematically associated with subject as well as object arguments. By contrast, in German object-related readings of relational adjectives seem to be inadmissible. The greater flexibility of English and French in terms of the thematic interpretability of relational adjectives also shows up with respect to "circumstantial" thematic roles like directionals, locatives and instrumentals. It is arguably due to the common Latin heritage of English and French, since in Latin relational adjectives representing subject or object arguments of nominalizations are widely attested. However, even in English and French object-related readings are confined to result nominalizations, a restriction we suggest to account for in terms of the more "noun-like" character of result nominalizations in contrast to process nominalizations. Moreover, since argument-related interpretations of relational adjectives can always be overridden by appropriate agentive/ patientive phrases, relational adjectives cannot be analyzed as occupying an argument position, but rather as modifying the semantic role associated with it.
In this article, the language of advertising is considered as a set of persuasive strategies and corresponding communicative means which persuaders employ to communicate with the target audience and to promote the product, service, candidate, idea, etc. The arrangement of these strategies and means is determined by pragmatic and communicative goals of the advertising campaign.
We present evidence for the analysis of the vowels in English <say> and <so> as biphonemic diphthongs /ɛi/ and /əu/, based on neutralization patterns, regular alternations, and foot structure. /ɛi/ and /əu/ are hence structurally on a par with the so called “true diphthongs” /ɑi/, /ɐu/, /ɔi/, but also share prosodic organization with the monophthongs /i/ and /u/. The phonological evidence is supported by dynamic measurements based on the American English TIMIT database.
Calculations of F2-slopes proved to be especially suited to distinguish the relevant groups in accordance with their phonologically motivated prosodic organizations.
This article examines the contrasts and commonalities between languages for specific purposes (LSP) and their popularizations on the one hand and the frequency patterns of LSP register features in English and German on the other. For this purpose corpora of expertexpert and expert-lay communication are annotated for part-of-speech and phrase structure information. On this basis, the frequencies of pre- and post-modifications in complex noun phrases are statistically investigated and compared for English and German. Moreover, using parallel and comparable corpora it is tested whether English-German translations obey the register norms of the target language or whether the LSP frequency patterns of the source language Ñshine throughì. The results provide an empirical insight into language contact phenomena involving specialized communication.
Freezing in it-clefts
(2013)