Korpuslinguistik
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This paper presents ongoing research which is embedded in an empirical-linguistic research program, set out to devise viable research strategies for developing an explanatory theory of grammar as a psychological and social phenomenon. As this phenomenon cannot be studied directly, the program attempts to approach it indirectly through its correlates in language corpora, which is justified by referring to the core tenets of Emergent Grammar. The guiding principle for identifying such corpus correlates of grammatical regularities is to imitate the psychological processes underlying the emergent nature of these regularities. While previous work in this program focused on syntagmatic structures, the current paper goes one step further by investigating schematic structures that involve paradigmatic variation. It introduces and explores a general strategy by which corpus correlates of such structures may be uncovered, and it further outlines how these correlates may be used to study the nature of the psychologically real schematic structures.
This introductory tutorial describes a strictly corpus-driven approach for uncovering indications for aspects of use of lexical items. These aspects include ‘(lexical) meaning’ in a very broad sense and involve different dimensions, they are established in and emerge from respective discourses. Using data-driven mathematical-statistical methods with minimal (linguistic) premises, a word’s usage spectrum is summarized as a collocation profile. Self-organizing methods are applied to visualize the complex similarity structure spanned by these profiles. These visualizations point to the typical aspects of a word’s use, and to the common and distinctive aspects of any two words.
Eine angemessene, sachgemäße Diskussion über Stärken und Schwächen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Korpuslinguistik ist überschattet von vielen Mythen, die sich mittlerweile eingebürgert haben und die in vielen Diskussionen – gerade unter Linguisten – immer wieder aufkommen. An dieser Stelle möchten wir einige der verbreitetsten Mythen zusammenstellen und die Hintergründe aus dieser korpuslinguistischen Perspektive erörtern.