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The aim of this paper is to show how lexicographical choices reflect ideological thinking, singled out by Eagleton (2007) into the strategies of rationalizing, legitimating, action orienting, unifying, naturalizing and universalizing. It will be carried out by examining two twenty first century editions of each of the five English monolingual learner’s dictionaries published by Cambridge, Collins, Longman, Macmillan, and Oxford. The synchronic and diachronic analyses of the dictionaries and their different editions at the macro structural level (the wordlists) and at the micro structural level (the definitional styles) will show how the reduction and change of data, derived from heterogeneous social and cultural contexts of language use, to abstract essential forms, involves decisions about the central and peripheral aspects of the lexicon and the meaning of words.
The article focuses on the lexeme Ahnung. A lexicographic analysis shows the range of Information offered by Ahnung in selected dictionaries, aespecially monolingual DaF dictionaries, and displays how the Spectrum of meaning is represented in them. Corpus-based analyses from two samples from FOLK and DeReKo investigate exemplary form characteristics and, with regard to the written-language data, the occurrence in text types. Ahnung shows a slightly higher combinatorial potential in written-linguistic data than in spoken-linguistic data. A clear tendency to the connection keine Ahnung is however to be recognized in both data sets.
Once a new word or a new meaning is added to a monolingual dictionary, the lexicographer is to provide a definition of this item. This paper focuses on the methodological challenges in writing such definitions. After a short discussion of the central terminology (method and definition), the article describes factors which inform this process: linguistic theories, linguistic and lexicographical methods, and types of definitions. Using the example of elexiko, a dictionary project of the Institute for the German language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany, the paper finally showcases the compilation of definitions in a monolingual online dictionary of contemporary German.