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Jacob Grimm was a very productive member of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Between 1842 and 1863 he made speeches at least on 66 days of sitting. Grimm was one of the academy’s most active and most famous speakers. Many of his speeches were not only concerned with philological questions. He also confessed his views about other scientific disciplines or problems of public interest. Grimm emphasized the international character of sciences and expressed the high respect he payed to the cultural traditions of other peoples.
Die Brüder Grimm
(1994)
Die Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin hat im Jahr 1906 auf Bitte der deutschen Regierung die Verantwortung für die Arbeiten zur Vollendung des Deutschen Wörterbuchs von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm übernommen. Im Jahr 1929/30 hat sie die Berliner Arbeitsstelle gegründet. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde dieses lexikographische Grundlagenwerk in den Jahrzehnten der Spaltung Deutschlands, aber in enger Gemeinschaft einer Berliner und einer Göttinger Arbeitsstelle zum Abschluss gebracht. Schon in den fünfziger Jahren entschlossen sich die Akademien in Berlin und Göttingen, „zunächst“ die völlige Neubearbeitung der ältesten Teile des Werks, die die Brüder Grimm zwischen 1852 und 1863 noch selbst erarbeitet hatten, vorzunehmen. Diese Neubearbeitung ist inzwischen nahezu abgeschlossen. Umso deutlicher zeigt sich aber nun, dass auch die übrigen Teile dringend der Neubearbeitung bedürfen. Das Jahrhundertwerk der Brüder Grimm, ihre wichtigste gemeinsame sprachwissenschaftliche Leistung, heute in der ganzen Welt täglich von Tausenden im Internet benutzt, Fundament der gesamten neueren deutschen Wortforschung, kann seine Aufgabe nur erfüllen, wenn es nicht als Museumsstück bewundert, sondern in gründlich erneuerter Form als aktuelles Auskunftsmittel fortgeführt wird. In dieser Situation war die Schließung der Berliner Arbeitsstelle im Dezember 2012 das falsche Signal.
G. Fritz & E. Straßner (Hgg.): Die Sprache der ersten deutschen Wochenzeitungen im 17. Jahrhundert
(1998)
Horst Grünert: Sprache und Politik. Untersuchungen zum Sprachgebrauch der ‘Paulskirche’ [Rezension]
(1977)
Karl Philipp Moritz über Sprache, Hochdeutsch, Berliner Umgangssprache und märkischen Dialekt
(1995)
Plea for a modern corpus-based German lexicography
There is an eminent research tradition within German lexicography; Grimm’s dictionary, the most impressive achievement of this scholarly work, was soon to become the model of many similar enterprises. But not only is it largely outdated by now (most entries are based on work of the 19th century): there is generally an increasing gap in German lexicographical research between what is needed and possible, on the one hand, and what is actually achieved, on the other. Several reasons for this unsatisfactory situation are discussed; the most important among these is probably that the actual practice of all larger enterprises in this field is still dominated by methods of the 19th century. The new edition of Grimm’s dictionary, which was started in the Fifties, will probably never be completed, if continued as at present. The only way to overcome this unsatisfactory situation and to approach the standards reached in other countries would be a comprehensive corpus-based lexical enterprise with highly flexible task-specific software tools.
Rolf Bergmann und Peter Pauly: Neuhochdeutsch. Arbeitsbuch zum linguistischen Unterricht [Rezension]
(1976)
Since the late 18th century the notion of an "organism of language" has been dominating the views of the essence of language in Germany. It was a crucial aspect of this notion that languages were something living and had to be described as living beings. It was this aspect in particular that was severely criticized in the second half of the 19th century as no longer meeting the standards of a more sophisticated biological concept of life. It must be borne in mind, though, that the notion of organism developed in the intellectual context of German natural philosophy, where one basic assumption was that all three kingdoms of nature—plants, animals, and minerals as well— breathe life, and are manifestations of a living earth in a living cosmos. Corresponding to the assumed unity of life processes was the aspiration after uniform philosophical and scientific principles of their investigation; and there accordingly was little hesitation to exchange terminologies, conceptions, metaphors, methods, and speculations between disciplines. This provides the backdrop also for the rapprochement of linguistics and the geosciences among adherents of natural philosophy, mediated by Carl Ritter's anthropological geography and Alexander von Humboldt’s Kosmos.
The notion of life could be applied in classification and periodization in relatively concrete ways (as for example, when speaking of the youth, adulthood, and old age of both languages and the earth), or could be made use of in more abstract speculative schemes (evident for example, in Jacob Grimm's preference for triads), whose impact has so far been little investigated. In the 19th century, advances in the geosciences lead to entirely new insights into the course of the history of the earth. What was emerging more slowly was a realistic picture of the time spans to be taken into account in anthropology and linguistics. Authors such as Adelung and Grimm still saw it as their task in principle to account for linguistic developments throughout the entire history of mankind, subject to certain geographical limitations. Such ambition was premature, though, since serious anthropologically orientated research into tens of thousands of years of linguistic and cultural prehistory, reaching well beyond the limits of traditional reconstructions, is only beginning today.