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Lingvistiskās ainavas metode – netradicionāls ceļš multilingvisma jautājumu izpētē un mācīšanā
(2008)
Šī raksta mērķis ir iepazīstināt ar lingvistiskās ainavas metodi un izskaidrot tās priekšrocības ne tikai valodnieku pētījumos, bet arī tās ieviešanā mācību procesā skolās un augstskolās. Pēc šī nelielā ievada vēlamies jums parādīt ne tikai metodes ieviešanas gaitu, bet arī pašreizējo attīstības stadiju. Mēs iepazīstināsim arī ar 2008. gada sākumā izstrādāto projektu ,,Latvijas lingvistiskā ainava Baltijas valstu kontekstā”, kuru arī šobrīd realizējam Rēzeknes Augstskolā (maģistra studiju programmas ,,Filoloģija” studenti un divi docētāji). Tāpat tiks dots neliels ieskats par projektā gūtajiem rezultātiem un problēmām, ar kurām saskārāmies pētījuma laikā, kā arī iepazīstināsim ar jauniegūto pieredzi.
In the context of a Nordic Conference on Bilingualism, it can be a rewarding task to look at issues such as language planning, policy and legislation from a perspective of the southern neighbours of the Nordic world. This paper therefore intends to point attention towards a case of societal multilingualism at the periphery of the Nordic world by dealing with recent developments in language policy and legislation with regard to the North Frisian speech community in the German Land of Schleswig-Holstein. As I will show, it is striking to what degree there are considerable differences in the discourse on minority protection and language legislation between the Nordic countries and a cultural area which may arguably be considered to be part of the Nordic fringe - and which itself occasionally takes Scandinavia as a reference point, e.g. in the recent adoption of a pan-Frisian flag modelled on the Nordic cross (Falkena 2006).
The main focus of the paper will be on the Frisian Act which was passed in the Parliament of Schleswig-Holstein in late 2004. It provides a certain legal basis for some political activities with regard to Frisian, but falls short of creating a true spirit of minority language protection and/or revitalisation. In contrast to the traditions of the German and Danish minorities along the German-Danish border and to minority protection in Northern Scandinavia (in particular to Sámi language rights), the approach chosen in the Frisian Act is extremely weak and has no connotation of long-term oriented language-planning, let alone a rights-based perspective.
The paper will then look at policy developments in the time since the Act was passed, e.g. in the Schleswig-Holstein election campaign in 2005, and on latest perceptions of the Frisian language situation in the discourse on North Frisian Policy in Schleswig-Holstein majority society. In the final part of the paper, I will discuss reasons for the differences in minority language policy discourse between Germany and the Nordic countries, and try to provide an outlook on how Frisian could benefit from its geographic proximity to the Nordic world.