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In dem folgenden Beitrag wird eine sprachunabhängige Basis entwickelt zur Beschreibung von Sprechaktverben für jede beliebige Sprache. Die Tragfähigkeit dieser Basis wird an zwei Beispielen verdeutlicht: einmal an der Demonstration von Lexikalisierungstendenzen für das Deutsche und zum andern an der Kontrastierung der Strukuren des deutschen und des englischen Wortfelds für “lügen”.
The Lemmatisation of Idioms
(2005)
The question of how idioms should be lemmatised is a fundamental issue in the lexicographic treatment of idioms and has been the focus of much debate ever since the first International Symposium on Lexicography. Several proposals for a systematic lexico-graphic treatment of idioms have been put forward (e.g. Cowie 1981, Burger 1983, Braasch 1988, Schemann 1991, Burger 1998 etc.). In this paper, we examine how semi- and non-literal idioms are lemmatised in some of the most widely-known dictionaries of German, English and Dutch. In what follows, we confine ourselves to the treatment of idioms in mono- and bilingual general dictionaries which are alphabetically ordered. Since the lexical status of idioms is relevant to the way in which idioms should be lemmatised, we shall first be concerned with the status of idioms as units of the lexicon.
This article is concerned with the way in which different types of speech act evaluations are lexicalized by speech act verbs and speech act idioms. The authors first distinguish different types of explicit and implicit evaluations which may be lexicalized by speech act verbs. The meanings of speech act verbs in German, English and Dutch are compared to examine which types of evaluations are lexicalized in each of these languages. Having established an inventory of evaluation types lexicalized by speech act verbs, they compare the evaluations lexicalized by speech act verbs with those lexicalized by speech act idioms. Particularly, he authors ask themselves whether certain types of evaluations may be lexicalized by idioms rather than by verbs, and if so, whether this phenomenon also holds cross- linguistically. They shall also examine whether those evaluations typically expressed by speech act idioms are the same in German, English and Dutch.