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Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt auf der Basis authentischer Alltagsinteraktionen das Formen- und Funktionsspektrum der äußerungsmodalisierenden Kommen-tarphrase ohne Scheiß im gesprochenen Deutsch. Die Konstruktion wird von Inter-agierenden insbesondere als Ressource zur Steigerung des Geltungsanspruchs einer Bezugsäußerung genutzt, wodurch diese als wahr und/oder ernstgemeint modali-siert wird. Damit leistet ohne Scheiß einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Bearbeitung des Erwartungsmanagements durch den/die SprecherIn sowie zur Herstellung von In-tersubjektivität. Die Konstruktion ist syntaktisch variabel und kann somit Äußerun-gen sowohl prospektiv als auch retraktiv modalisieren. Zudem wird mit der Wahl des Lexem Scheiß ein nähesprachliches Register aktiviert, was in Verbindung mit weiteren (prosodischen und/oder lexikalischen) Elementen zu affektiver Aufladung führen kann. Eine abschließende Darstellung häufiger lexikalischer Kookkurrenz-partner und deren funktionaler Bedeutung sowie ein Abgleich zu intrakonstruktio-nalen Varianten wie ohne Witz/ohne Spaß zeigt die Produktivität der Konstruktion im alltäglichen Sprachgebrauch auf.
"What makes this so complicated?" On the value of disorienting dilemmas in language instruction
(2017)
In recent years, formal semantic research on the meaning of tense and aspect has benefited from a number of studies investigating languages with graded tense systems. This paper contributes a first sketch of the temporal marking system of Awing (Grassfields Bantu), focusing on two varieties of remote past and remote future. We argue that the data support a "symmetric" analysis of past and future tense in Awing. In our specific proposal, Awing temporal remoteness markers are uniformly analyzed as quantificational tense operators, and both the past and the future paradigm include a form that prevents contextual restriction of this temporal quantifier.
In the management of cooperation, the fit of a requested action with what the addressee is presently doing is a pervasively relevant consideration. We present evidence that imperative turns are adapted to, and reflexively create, contexts in which the other person is committed to the course of action advanced by the imperative. This evidence comes from systematic variation in the design of imperative turns, relative to the fittedness of the imperatively mandated action to the addressee’s ongoing trajectory of actions, what we call the “dine of commitment”. We present four points on this dine: Responsive imperatives perform an operation on the deontic dimension of what the addressee has announced or already begun to do (in particular its permissibility); local-project imperatives formulate a new action advancing a course of action in which the addressee is already actively engaged; global-project-imperatives target a next task for which the addressee is available on the grounds of their participation in the overall event, and in the absence of any competing work; and competitive imperatives draw on a presently otherwise engaged addressee on the grounds of their social commitment to the relevant course of actions. These four turn shapes are increasingly complex, reflecting the interactional work required to bridge the increasing distance between what the addressee is currently doing, and what the imperative mandates. We present data from German and Polish informal and institutional settings.
In this paper, we will present a first attempt to classify commonly confused words in German by consulting their communicative functions in corpora. Although the use of so-called paronyms causes frequent uncertainties due to similarities in spelling, sound and semantics, up until now the phenomenon has attracted little attention either from the perspective of corpus linguistics or from cognitive linguistics. Existing investigations rely on structuralist models, which do not account for empirical evidence. Still, they have developed an elaborate model based on formal criteria, primarily on word formation (cf. Lăzărescu 1999). Looking from a corpus perspective, such classifications are incompatible with language in use and cognitive elements of misuse.
This article sketches first lexicological insights into a classification model as derived from semantic analyses of written communication. Firstly, a brief description of the project will be provided. Secondly, corpus-assisted paronym detection will be focused. Thirdly, in the main section the paper concerns the description of the datasets for paronym classification and the classification procedures. As a work in progress, new insights will continually be extended once spoken and CMC data are added to the investigations.
This paper presents a short insight into a new project at the "Institute for the German Language” (IDS) (Mannheim). It gives an insight into some basic ideas for a corpus-based dictionary of spoken German, which will be developed and compiled by the new project "The Lexicon of spoken German” (Lexik des gesprochenen Deutsch, LeGeDe). The work is based on the "Research and Teaching Corpus of Spoken German” (Forschungs- und Lehrkorpus Gesprochenes Deutsch, FOLK), which is implemented in the "Database for Spoken German” (Datenbank für Gesprochenes Deutsch, DGD). Both resources, the database and the corpus, have been developed at the IDS.
In this paper, an exploratory data-driven method is presented that extracts word-types from diachronic corpora that have undergone the most pronounced change in frequency of occurrence in a given period of time. Combined with statistical methods from time series analysis, the method is able to find meaningful patterns and relationships in diachronic corpora, an idea that is still uncommon in linguistics. This indicates that the approach can facilitate an improved understanding of diachronic processes.
This paper presents a survey on hate speech detection. Given the steadily growing body of social media content, the amount of online hate speech is also increasing. Due to the massive scale of the web, methods that automatically detect hate speech are required. Our survey describes key areas that have been explored to automatically recognize these types of utterances using natural language processing. We also discuss limits of those approaches.
Im September 1522 erschien in Wittenberg „Das newe Testament Deutzsch“ mit einer Auflage von über 3.000 Stück und war binnen einer Woche ausverkauft. Martin Luther, der auf dem Titelblatt auf eigenen Wunsch nicht erwähnt wird, hatte die Übersetzung auf der Wartburg in nur elf Wochen angefertigt und wenig später fünf Wochen lang mit seinem Kollegen und Freund, dem Gräzisten Philipp Melanchthon, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die griechische Urfassung bearbeitet. Die Geschichte der Revisionen der Lutherbibel beginnt im gleichen Jahr – schon für den Nachdruck im Dezember hat Luther dieses so genannte „Septemberevangelium“ an vielen Stellen revidiert. In Teilen erschien danach seine Übersetzung des Alten Testaments, 1534 die vollständige Übersetzung der Bibel. Luther korrigierte den Bibeltext unablässig weiter bis zur Ausgabe von 1545, der Lutherbibel „letzter Hand“.