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Plea for a modern corpus-based German lexicography
There is an eminent research tradition within German lexicography; Grimm’s dictionary, the most impressive achievement of this scholarly work, was soon to become the model of many similar enterprises. But not only is it largely outdated by now (most entries are based on work of the 19th century): there is generally an increasing gap in German lexicographical research between what is needed and possible, on the one hand, and what is actually achieved, on the other. Several reasons for this unsatisfactory situation are discussed; the most important among these is probably that the actual practice of all larger enterprises in this field is still dominated by methods of the 19th century. The new edition of Grimm’s dictionary, which was started in the Fifties, will probably never be completed, if continued as at present. The only way to overcome this unsatisfactory situation and to approach the standards reached in other countries would be a comprehensive corpus-based lexical enterprise with highly flexible task-specific software tools.
Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet einen aktuellen Überblick über die derzeit im Internet verfügbaren Materialien mit Relevanz für das Fach Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Diese werden kritisch gesichtet, sortiert und ausgewertet und damit das Nutzungspotential des Internet als Informationsquelle, Kommunikationskanal und Unterrichtsmedium für Lernende und Lehrende des Deutschen als Fremdsprache ermittelt. Bezugspunkt der Diskussion sind dabei zum einen die Gegebenheiten und Bedürfnisse des Sprachunterrichts mit seinen Rahmenbedingungen, zum anderen aktuelle methodische Paradigmen des akademischen Fachs Deutsch als Fremdsprache und weniger technische, informationswissenschaftliche, semiotische oder allgemeine kommunikationswissenschaftliche Aspekte des Internet.
An important role in the coherence of texts is played by the distribution of information in the sentence. The present paper especially examines the beginning of sentences (topics). Which syntactic elements are most adequate to initiate a sentence, and which of their characteristics can be considered responsible for this? After a short review of the pertinent literature, we shall present grammatical, semantic and pragmatic factors that organize topicalization. The point of departure are the patterns of basic serialization as defined by the grammar. Deviations of these patterns can particularly be a result of the principle of known information. In addition to this constitutive principle, we can distinguish five regulative principles that lead to non-marked topicalizations (situation, empathy, iconicity, lengthening terms, text connection). In the closing sections, the positioning of phrasal accents and some special types of topics will be discussed. All the examples given are from modem German.
Und sieht auch noch gut aus
(1997)