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This paper presents a short insight into a new project at the "Institute for the German Language” (IDS) (Mannheim). It gives an insight into some basic ideas for a corpus-based dictionary of spoken German, which will be developed and compiled by the new project "The Lexicon of spoken German” (Lexik des gesprochenen Deutsch, LeGeDe). The work is based on the "Research and Teaching Corpus of Spoken German” (Forschungs- und Lehrkorpus Gesprochenes Deutsch, FOLK), which is implemented in the "Database for Spoken German” (Datenbank für Gesprochenes Deutsch, DGD). Both resources, the database and the corpus, have been developed at the IDS.
This paper provides a unified semantic and discourse pragmatic analysis of the German particle nämlich, traditionally described as having a specificational and an explanative reading. Our claim is that nämlich is a discourse marker which signals that the expression it is attached to is a short (elliptic) answer to a salient implicit question about the previous utterance. We show how both the explanative and the specificational reading can be derived from this more general semantic contribution. In addition we discuss some cross linguistic consequences of our analysis.
Question Answering Systems for retrieving information from Knowledge Graphs (KG) have become a major area of interest in recent years. Current systems search for words and entities but cannot search for grammatical phenomena. The purpose of this paper is to present our research on developing a QA System that answers natural language questions about German grammar.
Our goal is to build a KG which contains facts and rules about German grammar, and is also able to answer specific questions about a concrete grammatical issue. An overview of the current research in the topic of QA systems and ontology design is given and we show how we plan to construct the KG by integrating the data in the grammatical information system Grammis, hosted by the Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS). In this paper, we describe the construction of the initial KG, sketch our resulting graph, and demonstrate the effectiveness of such an approach. A grammar correction component will be part of a later stage. The paper concludes with the potential areas for future research.
This contribution offers a fine-grained analysis of German and Romanian ditransitive and prepositional transfer constructions. The transfer construction (TC) is shown to be realised in German by 26 argument structure patterns (ASPs), which are conceived of as form-meaning pairings which differ only minimally. The mainstream constructionist view of the different types of TCs being related by polysemy links is rejected, the ASPs being argued instead to be related by family relationships. All but six of the ASPs identified for German are shown to possess a Romanian counterpart. For some ditransitive structures, German is shown to possess two prepositional variants, one with an (‘at’) and one with zu (‘to’) or auf (‘on’), while Romanian has only one. Due to the lack of a Romanian counterpart for the German zu and auf variants, Romanian lacks some of the dative alternations found in German. However, Romanian as well as German permits the double object pattern to interact with take-verbs, verbs of removal and add-verbs, which do not allow the ditransitive construction in English. Since these verb classes also permit at least one prepositional pattern in both languages, Romanian and German show a larger number of dative alternation types than English.
Gegenstand des Aufsatzes sind Sätze mit so genannten inneren Objekten, das sind Akkusativobjekte, die im Wesentlichen intransitive Verben gelegentlich zu sich nehmen. Sie weisen die Besonderheit auf, dass das Objektsnomen und das Verb morphologisch, etymologisch und/oder semantisch miteinander verwandt sind. Aufgrund von Form- und vor allem Bedeutungsunterschieden lassen sich in beiden Sprachen verschiedene Gruppen von inneren Objekten ausmachen, die genauer beschrieben und unter sprachvergleichenden Gesichtspunkten betrachtet werden. Dazu werden u.a. die syntaktischen Eigenschaften von Sätzen mit inneren Objekten herangezogen. Einige auffallende sprachbezogene Unterschiede werden beschrieben, beispielsweise ist im Rumänischen bei einigen Verben ein präpositionaler Anschluss möglich, wo im Deutschen das innere Objekt ausschließlich im Akkusativ stehen kann. Sätze mit inneren Objekten können als ein Typ von Argumentstrukturmustern betrachtet werden. In diesem Sinne sind sie Form-Bedeutungs-Paare, deren Beziehungen untereinander innerhalb eines Konzepts von Familienähnlichkeiten dargestellt werden, wie man sie auch innerhalb anderer Cluster von Argumentstrukturmustern beobachten kann.