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OWID und OWIDplus – lexikographisch-lexikologische Online-Informationssysteme des IDS Mannheim
(2023)
Lexikographische und lexikalische Ressourcen zum Deutschen werden an vielen unterschiedlichen Institutionen erarbeitet, z. B. an Akademien der Wissenschaften oder in privatwirtschaftlichen Verlagen. Auch am Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) in Mannheim werden solche Materialien erstellt und der (Fach-)Öffentlichkeit unter dem Dach von OWID, dem „Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch“ (owid.de), präsentiert.
Neologisms, i.e., new words or meanings, are finding their way into everyday language use all the time. In the process, already existing elements of a language are recombined or linguistic material from other languages is borrowed. But are borrowed neologisms accepted similarly well by the speech community as neologisms that were formed from “native” material? We investigate this question based on neologisms in German. Building on the corresponding results of a corpus study, we test the hypothesis of whether “native” neologisms are more readily accepted than those borrowed from English. To do so, we use a psycholinguistic experimental paradigm that allows us to estimate the degree of uncertainty of the participants based on the mouse trajectories of their responses. Unexpectedly, our results suggest that the neologisms borrowed from English are accepted more frequently, more quickly, and more easily than the “native” ones. These effects, however, are restricted to people born after 1980, the so-called millenials. We propose potential explanations for this mismatch between corpus results and experimental data and argue, among other things, for a reinterpretation of previous corpus studies.
Hier sehen Sie neue Wörter sowie bekannte Wörter mit neuen Bedeutungen, die seit Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie aufgekommen sind, bei denen wir aber noch beobachten, ob sie eine gewisse Verbreitung in die Allgemeinsprache erfahren werden. Zu jedem dieser Wörter geben wir eine (vorläufige, grobe) Bedeutungserläuterung an und illustrieren die Verwendung mit 1-2 Belegen.
Ways out of the dictionary: hyperlinks to other sources in German and African online dictionaries
(2023)
This study examines a number of German and African online dictionaries to see how they make use of the possibility of linking to external sources (e.g. other dictionaries, encyclopaedias, or even corpus data). The article investigates which hyperlinks occur at which places in the word articles and how these are presented to the dictionary users. This is done against the background of metalexicographic considerations on the planning of outer features and the mediostructure in online dictionaries as well as different categorizations of hyperlinks in online reference works. The results show that retro-digitized dictionaries make virtually no use of hyperlinks to external sources. Genuine online dictionaries, on the other hand, do, but often in a form that needs improvement, since, for example, explanations of dictionary-external links are not always found in the user guide and their design is different even within a dictionary.
In this article, we provide an insight into the development and application of a corpus-lexicographic tool for finding neologisms that are not yet listed in German dictionaries. As a starting point, we used the words listed in a glossary of German neologisms surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. These words are lemma candidates for a new dictionary on COVID-19 discourse in German. They also provided the database used to develop and test the NeoRate tool. We report on the lexicographic work in our dictionary project, the design and functionalities of NeoRate, and describe the first test results with the tool, in particular with regard to previously unregistered words. Finally, we discuss further development of the tool and its possible applications.
Hier sehen Sie neue Wörter sowie bekannte Wörter mit neuen Bedeutungen, die seit Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie aufgekommen sind, bei denen wir aber noch beobachten, ob sie eine gewisse Verbreitung in die Allgemeinsprache erfahren werden. Zu jedem dieser Wörter geben wir eine (vorläufige, grobe) Bedeutungserläuterung an und illustrieren die Verwendung mit 1-2 Belegen.
This chapter will present lessons learned from CLARIN-D, the German CLARIN national consortium. Members of the CLARIN-D communities and of the CLARIN-D consortium have been engaged in innovative, data-driven, and community-based research, using language resources and tools in the humanities and neigh-bouring disciplines. We will present different use cases and users’ stories that demonstrate the innovative research potential of large digital corpora and lexical resources for the study of language change and variation, for language documentation, for literary studies, and for the social sciences. We will emphasize the added value of making language resources and tools available in the CLARIN distributed research infrastructure and will discuss legal and ethical issues that need to be addressed in the use of such an infrastructure. Innovative technical solutions for accessing digital materials still under copyright and for data mining such materials will be presented. We will outline the need for close interaction with communities of interest in the areas of curriculum development, data management, and training the next generation of digital humanities scholars. The importance of community-supported standards for encoding language resources and the practice of community-based quality control for digital research data will be presented as a crucial step toward the provisioning of high quality research data. The chapter will conclude with a discussion of impor-tant directions for innovative research and for supporting infrastructure development over the next decade and beyond.