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XML has been designed for creating structured documents, but the information that is encoded in these structures are, by definition, out of scope for XML. Additional sources, normally not easily interpretable by computers, such as documentation are needed to determine the intention of specific tags in a tag-set. The Component Metadata Infrastructure (CMDI) takes a rather pragmatic approach to foster interoperability between XML instances in the domain of metadata descriptions for language resources. This paper gives an overview of this approach.
Digital research infrastructures can be divided into four categories: large equipment, IT infrastructure, social infrastructure, and information infrastructure. Modern research institutions often employ both IT infrastructure and information infrastructure, such as databases or large-scale research data. In addition, information infrastructure depends to some extent on IT infrastructure. In this paper, we discuss the IT, information, and legal infrastructure issues that research institutions face.
This paper addresses long-term archival for large corpora. Three aspects specific to language resources are focused, namely (1) the removal of resources for legal reasons, (2) versioning of (unchanged) objects in constantly growing resources, especially where objects can be part of multiple releases but also part of different collections, and (3) the conversion of data to new formats for digital preservation. It is motivated why language resources may have to be changed, and why formats may need to be converted. As a solution, the use of an intermediate proxy object called a signpost is suggested. The approach will be exemplified with respect to the corpora of the Leibniz Institute for the German Language in Mannheim, namely the German Reference Corpus (DeReKo) and the Archive for Spoken German (AGD).
In TextGrid gibt es verschiedene Content-Provider, deren Ressourcen nicht ohne weiteres in der TextGrid-Infrastruktur zur Verfügung gestellt werden können. Die Ursache hierfür ist, dass die erforderlichen Zugriffsbeschränkungen bislang nicht von der existierenden Autorisierungsinfrastruktur abgebildet werden können. Beispielsweise ist es für den Zugriff auf einige Ressourcen am Institut für Deutsche Sprache notwendig, dass Benutzer einen Lizenzvertrag akzeptieren. Um diesen Content-Providern die Bereitstellung ihrer Ressourcen in TextGrid zu ermöglichen, muss die bestehende Autorisierungsinfrastruktur erweitert werden, um feinere Zugriffsbeschränkungen zu ermöglichen.
Für die Lizenzierung der in TextGrid bereitgestellten Software und Daten wird künftig eine Lizenzierung benötigt, welche der offenen Struktur der angestrebten Forschungsplattform gerecht wird. Hierfür entwickelt AP 3.2 Musterlizenzvereinbarungen mit unterschiedlichen Content-Providern. Im Folgenden soll ein Überblick über unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten der Lizenzierung gegeben werden, um sowohl potenziell für TextGrid heranzuziehende Fremd-Software zu evaluieren als auch eine Orientierung für die Lizenzierung eigener Produkte und Daten zu geben. Letztendlich soll eine Empfehlung für ein möglicherweise in TextGrid angewandtes Modell gegeben werden.
Im zweiten Teil dieses Textes wird ein Konzept für die neue TextGrid-Middleware-Komponente TG-license vorgestellt, durch die auch lizensierter Content im Rahmen von TextGridRep zur Verfügung gestellt werden kann.
We present SPLICR, the Web-based Sustainability Platform for Linguistic Corpora and Resources. The system is aimed at people who work in Linguistics or Computational Linguistics: a comprehensive database of metadata records can be explored in order to find language resources that could be appropriate for one’s specific research needs. SPLICR also provides an interface that enables users to query and to visualise corpora. The project in which the system is being developed aims at sustainably archiving the ca. 60 language resources that have been constructed in three collaborative research centres. Our project has two primary goals: (a) To process and to archive sustainably the resources so that they are still available to the research community in five, ten, or even 20 years time. (b) To enable researchers to query the resources both on the level of their metadata as well as on the level of linguistic annota-tions. In more general terms, our goal is to enable solutions that leverage the interoperability, reusability, and sustainability of heterogeneous collections of language resources.
This paper discusses work on the sustainability of linguistic resources as it was conducted in various projects, including the work of a three year project Sustainability of Linguistic Resources which finished in December 2008, a follow-up project, Sustainable linguistic data, and initiatives related to the work of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) on developing standards for linguistic resources. The individual projects have been conducted at German collaborative research centres at the Universities of Potsdam, Hamburg and Tübingen, where the sustainability work was coordinated.
We present SPLICR, the Web-based Sustainability Platform for Linguistic Corpora and Resources. The system is aimed at people who work in Linguistics or Computational Linguistics: a comprehensive database of metadata records can be explored in order to find language resources that could be appropriate for one’s spe cific research needs. SPLICR also provides a graphical interface that enables users to query and to visualise corpora. The project in which the system is developed aims at sustainably archiving the ca. 60 language resources that have been constructed in three collaborative research centres. Our project has two primary goals: (a) To process and to archive sustainably the resources so that they are still available to the research community in five, ten, or even 20 years time. (b) To enable researchers to query the resources both on the level of their metadata as well as on the level of linguistic annotations. In more general terms, our goal is to enable solutions that leverage the interoperability, reusability, and sustainability of heterogeneous collec- tions of language resources.
Igel is a small XQuery-based web application for examining a collection of document grammars; in particular, for comparing related document grammars to get a better overview of their differences and similarities. In its initial form, Igel reads only DTDs and provides only simple lists of constructs in them (elements, attributes, notations, parameter entities). Our continuing work is aimed at making Igel provide more sophisticated and useful information about document grammars and building the application into a useful tool for the analysis (and the maintenance!) of families of related document grammars
The paper discusses two topics: firstly an approach of using multiple layers of annotation is sketched out. Regarding the XML representation this approach is similar to standoff annotation. A second topic is the use of heterogeneous linguistic resources (e.g., XML annotated documents, taggers, lexical nets) as a source for semiautomatic multi-dimensional markup to resolve typical linguistic issues, dealing with anaphora resolution as a case study.