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It is well known that the distribution of lexical and grammatical patterns is size- and register-sensitive (Biber 1986, and later publications). This fact alone presents a challenge to many corpus-oriented linguistic studies focusing on a single language. When it comes to cross-linguistic studies using corpora, the challenge becomes even greater due to the lack of high-quality multilingual corpora (Kupietz et al. 2020; Kupietz/Trawiński 2022), which are comparable with respect to the size and the register. That was the motivation for the creation of the European Reference Corpus EuReCo, an initiative started in 2013 at the Leibniz Institute for the German Language (IDS) together with several European partners (Kupietz et al. 2020). EuReCo is an emerging federated corpus, with large virtual comparable corpora across various languages and with an infrastructure supporting contrastive research. The core of the infrastructure is KorAP (Diewald et al. 2016), a scalable open-source platform supporting the analysis and visualisation of properties of texts annotated by multiple and potentially conflicting information layers, and supporting several corpus query languages. Until recently, EuReCo consisted of three monolingual subparts: the German Reference Corpus DeReKo (Kupietz et al. 2018), the Reference Corpus of Contemporary Romanian Language (Barbu Mititelu/Tufiş/Irimia 2018), and the Hungarian National Corpus (Váradi 2002). The goal of the present submission is twofold. On the one hand, it reports about the new component of EuReCo: a sample of the National Corpus of Polish (Przepiórkowski et al. 2010). On the other hand, it presents the results of a new pilot study using the newly extended EuReCo. This pilot study investigates selected Polish collocations involving light verbs and their prepositional / nominal complements (Fig. 1) and extends the collocation analyses of German, Romanian and Hungarian (Fig. 2) discussed in Kupietz/Trawiński (2022).
Standards in CLARIN
(2022)
This chapter looks at a fragment of the ongoing work of the CLARIN Standards Committee (CSC) on producing a shared set of recommendations on standards, formats, and related best practices supported by the CLARIN infrastructure and its participating centres. What might at first glance seem to be a straightforward goal has over the years proven to be rather complex, reflecting the robustness and heterogeneity of the emerging distributed digital research infrastructure and the various disciplines and research traditions of the language-based humanities that it serves and represents, and therefore part of the chapter reviews the various initiatives and proposals that strove to produce helpful standards-related guidance. The focus turns next to a subtask initiated in late 2019, its scope narrowed to one of the core activities and responsibilities of CLARIN backbone centres, namely the provision of data deposition services. Centres are obligated to publish their recom-mendations concerning the repertoire of data formats that are best suited for their research profiles. We look at how this requirement has been met by the particular centres and suggest that having centres maintain their information in the Standards Information System (SIS) is the way to improve on the current state of affairs.
Dieser Beitrag präsentiert die neue multilinguale Ressource CoMParS (Collection of Multilingual Parallel Sequences). CoMParS versteht sich als eine funktional-semantisch orientierte Datenbank von Parallelsequenzen des Deutschen und anderer europäischer Sprachen, in der alle Daten neben den sprachspezifischen und universellen (im Sinne von Universal Dependencies) morphosyntaktischen Annotationen auch nach sprachübergreifenden funktional-semantischen Informationen auf der neudefinierten Annotationsebene Functional Domains annotiert und auf mehreren Ebenen (auch ebenenübergreifend) miteinander verlinkt sind. CoMParS wird in TEI P5 XML kodiert und sowohl als monolinguale wie auch als multilinguale Sprachressource modelliert.
The present paper outlines the projected second part of the Corpus Query Lingua Franca (CQLF) family of standards: CQLF Ontology, which is currently in the process of standardization at the International Standards Organization (ISO), in its Technical Committee 37, Subcommittee 4 (TC37SC4) and its national mirrors. The first part of the family, ISO 24623-1 (henceforth CQLF Metamodel), was successfully adopted as an international standard at the beginning of 2018. The present paper reflects the state of the CQLF Ontology at the moment of submission for the Committee Draft ballot. We provide a brief overview of the CQLF Metamodel, present the assumptions and aims of the CQLF Ontology, its basic structure, and its potential extended applications. The full ontology is expected to emerge from a community process, starting from an initial version created by the authors of the present paper.
In mid-2017, as part of our activities within the TEI Special Interest Group for Linguists (LingSIG), we submitted to the TEI Technical Council a proposal for a new attribute class that would gather attributes facilitating simple token-level linguistic annotation. With this proposal, we addressed community feedback complaining about the lack of a specific tagset for lightweight linguistic annotation within the TEI. Apart from @lemma and @lemmaRef, up till now TEI encoders could only resort to using the generic attribute @ana for inline linguistic annotation, or to the quite complex system of feature structures for robust linguistic annotation, the latter requiring relatively complex processing even for the most basic types of linguistic features. As a result, there now exists a small set of basic descriptive devices which have been made available at the cost of only very small changes to the TEI tagset. The merit of a predefined TEI tagset for lightweight linguistic annotation is the homogeneity of tagging and thus better interoperability of simple linguistic resources encoded in the TEI. The present paper introduces the new attributes, makes a case for one more addition, and presents the advantages of the new system over the legacy TEI solutions.
The present submission reports on a pilot project conducted at the Institute for the German Language (IDS), aiming at strengthening the connection between ISO TC37SC4 “Language Resource Management” and the CLARIN infrastructure. In terminology management, attempts have recently been made to use graph-theoretical analyses to get a better understanding of the structure of terminology resources. The project described here aims at applying some of these methods to potentially incomplete concept fields produced over years by numerous researchers serving as experts and editors of ISO standards. The main results of the project are twofold. On the one hand, they comprise concept networks dynamically generated from a relational database and browsable by the user. On the other, the project has yielded significant qualitative feedback that will be offered to ISO. We provide the institutional context of this endeavour, its theoretical background, and an overview of data preparation and tools used. Finally, we discuss the results and illustrate some of them.
The paper reviews the results of work done in the context of TEI-Lex0, a joint ENeL / DARIAH / PARTHENOS initiative aimed at formulating guidelines for the encoding of retrodigitized dictionaries by streamlining and simplifying the recommendations of the “Print Dictionaries” chapter of the TEI Guidelines. TEI-Lex0 work is performed by teams concentrating on each of the main components of dictionary entries. The work presented here concerns proposals for constraining TEI-based encoding of orthographic, phonetic, and grammatical information on written and spoken forms of the lemma (headword), including auxiliary inflected forms. We also adduce examples of handling various types of orthographic and phonetic variants, as well as examples of handling the representation of inflectional paradigms, which have received less attention in the TEI Guidelines but which are nonetheless essential for properly exposing data content to the various uses that digitized lexica may have.
CoMParS is a resource under construction in the context of the long-term project German Grammar in European Comparison (GDE) at the IDS Mannheim. The principal goal of GDE is to create a novel contrastive grammar of German against the background of other European languages. Alongside German, which is the central focus, the core languages for comparison are English, French, Hungarian and Polish, representing different typological classes. Unlike traditional contrastive grammars available for German, which usually cover language pairs and are based on formal grammatical categories, the new GDE grammar is developed in the spirit of functionalist typology. This implies that, instead of formal criteria, cognitively motivated functional domains in terms of Givón (1984) are used as tertia comparationis. The purpose of CoMParS is to document the empirical basis of the theoretical assumptions of GDE-V and to illustrate the otherwise rather abstract content of grammar books by as many as possible naturally occurring and adequately presented multilingual examples, including information on their use in specific contexts and registers. These examples come from existing parallel corpora, and our presentation will focus on the legal aspects and consequences of this choice of language data.