Koloniale und postkoloniale Linguistik
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17
Die Entstehung und Geschichte der einzigen deutschlexifizierten Kreolsprache Unserdeutsch (Rabaul Creole German) war bis heute weitgehend unbeschrieben, obwohl die Zeit drängt: Die koloniale High-contact-Varietät, entstanden zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts an einer katholischen Missionsstation im damaligen Schutzgebiet Deutsch-Neuguinea im melanesischen Pazifik, ist inzwischen kritisch gefährdet mit weniger als 100 noch lebenden SprecherInnen fortgeschrittenen Alters. Mit dieser Arbeit wird nun eine detaillierte Rekonstruktion zu den Anfängen und der weiteren Entwicklung von Unserdeutsch bis in die Gegenwart vorgelegt, basierend auf Archivdaten, Interviews und Strukturanalysen. Dabei wird unter anderem die Rolle von im Sprachsystem nachweisbarem Transfer aus den zentralen Kontaktsprachen von Unserdeutsch sowie von L2-Effekten und autochthonen Innovationen untersucht, außerdem die deutsche Superstratvarietät von Unserdeutsch genau bestimmt und der Spracherwerb der ersten Sprechergeneration nachgezeichnet. Die Arbeit verortet die aus kreolistischer Perspektive in mehrfacher Hinsicht besonderen Entstehungsumstände von Unserdeutsch – darunter etwa ihre Genese unter Kindern – in einschlägigen Fachdiskursen.
15
Koloniale und postkoloniale Mikrotoponyme. Forschungsperspektiven und interdisziplinäre Bezüge
(2021)
Der Band bietet einen breiten Einblick in aktuelle Forschungsthemen der kolonialen und postkolonialen Mikrotoponomastik. Er zeigt sowohl die interdisziplinären Verbindungen des Forschungsgebietes, z. B. zu Geschichte und Kartographie, als auch vielfältige Fokussierungen in Bezug auf koloniale, kolonial intendierte und postkoloniale Kontexte.
13
Defining groups and affiliating the self and the other with specific social categories is an important part of constructing a colonial conceptualization of societies. Many written documents from the colonial period attest to this practice. The current paper focuses on missionaries’ ways of positioning themselves and others within the colonial context. The German speaking Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft (RMG, Rhenish Mission Society) established mission stations in the Astrolabe Bay area of New Guinea, an area that was under German domination between 1884 and 1914. The paper analyzes how RMG missionaries, by means of language, construct, define, and position different population groups, and it investigates what patterns emerge from these language practices.
8
During the second half of the 19th century, extended regions of the South Pacific came to be part of the German colonial empire. The colonial administration included repeated and diverse efforts to implement German as the official language in several settings (administration, government, education) in the colonial areas. Due to unfamiliar sociological and linguistic conditions, to competition with English as a(nother) prestigious colonizer language, and to the short time-span of the German colonial rule, these efforts rendered only little language-related effect. Nevertheless, some linguistic traces remained, and these seem to reflect in what areas language implementation was organized most thoroughly. The study combines two directions of investigation: First, taking a historical approach, legal and otherwise official documents and information are considered in order to understand how the implementation process was planned and (intended to be) carried out. Second, from a linguistic perspective, documented lexical borrowings and other traces of linguis tic contact are identified that can corroborate the historical findings by reflecting a greater effect of contact in such areas where the implementation of German was carried out most strictly. The goal of this paper is, firstly, to trace the political and missionary activities in language planning with regard to German in the colonial Pacific, rather similar to a modem language policy scenario when a new code of prestige or national unity is implemented. Secondly, these activities are evaluated in the face of the outcome that can be observed, in the historical practice as well as in long-term effects of language contact up until today.
3,
Investigations of the relationship between language and German colonialism are mainly based on historical sources. The article aims to develop a systematic foundation of source studies as a methodological background for these investigations. This is exemplified by sources reflecting the particular situation of the former German colonies in the South Pacific. Firstly, the article addresses terminological problems, in particular the relation between "documents", "sources", and "data". Secondly, a detailed typology of historical sources is presented and related to object-, meta-, and extralinguistic aspects of language contact. Finally, the article informs about how and where to look for historical sources.
3-
Colonial language contact is shaped by many extralinguistic factors that, in turn, lead to different linguistic outcomes. The project outlined here aims at documenting contact contexts that existed during the German colonial rule in the Pacific, with special emphasis on German New Guinea. Trading places, institutions (e.g. schools), plantations and other settings that involved (language) interaction between the colonizers and the colonized are charted on a historical map of the area to determine where contact intensity is likely to have been high, and what languages were involved and can be expected to show traces of such interaction (e.g. loanwords). It is intended to digitize this information in form of an interactive map, allowing to show and hide different types of information and thus being able to draw conclusions on historical language contact settings and their long-term linguistic results.