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Selten hat ein globales Ereignis nicht nur den Alltag sehr vieler Menschen weltweit schlagartig verändert und in einem längeren Zeitraum zu nachhaltigen Änderungen der Lebensumstände geführt, sondern auch direkte Spuren im Wortschatz und der Art und Weise des Kommunizierens hinterlassen, wie dies durch die Coronakrise der Fall war. Die Beiträge in diesem Band zeichnen diese Reflexionen nach und machen die Veränderungen auf Basis unterschiedlichen Materials (z.B. Pressetexte, Social-Media-Quellen, Gespräche) und zu einem breiten Themenspektrum (Arbeit, Schule, Wirtschaft usw.) nachvollziehbar. Ein deutlicher Fokus liegt dabei auf dem lexikalischen Wandel und zahlreichen Neologismen, die rund um die Coronapandemie aufgekommen sind.
Who is we? Disambiguating the referents of first person plural pronouns in parliamentary debates
(2021)
This paper investigates the use of first person plural pronouns as a rhetorical device in political speeches. We present an annotation schema for disambiguating pronoun references and use our schema to create an annotated corpus of debates from the German Bundestag. We then use our corpus to learn to automatically resolve pronoun referents in parliamentary debates. We explore the use of data augmentation with weak supervision to further expand our corpus and report preliminary results.
„Bausteine einer Korpusgrammatik des Deutschen“ ist eine neue Schriftenreihe, die am Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache in Mannheim (IDS) entsteht. Sie setzt sich zum Ziel, mit korpuslinguistischen Methoden die Vielfalt und Variabilität der deutschen Grammatik in großer Detailschärfe zu erfassen und gleichzeitig für die Validierbarkeit der Ergebnisse zu sorgen. Die erste Ausgabe enthält eine Einführung in die Reihe sowie vier als Kapitel einer neuen Grammatik gestaltete Texte: 1. Grundlegende Aspekte der Wortbildung, 2. Bau von und Umbau zu Adverbien, 3. Starke vs. schwache Flexion aufeinanderfolgender attributiver Adjektive und 4. Reihenfolge attributiver Adjektive. Die Ausgabe ist mit einer interaktiven Datenbank zu attributiven Adjektiven verknüpft.
Einleitung
(2020)
A corpus-based academic grammar of German is an enormous undertaking, especially if it aims at using state-of-the-art methodology while ensuring that its study results are verifiable. The Bausteine-series, which is being developed at the Leibniz Institute for the German Language (IDS), presents individual “building blocks” for such a grammar. In addition to the peer-reviewed texts, the series publishes the results of statistical analyses and, for selected topics, the underlying data sets.
This chapter focuses on the formation of adverbs from a corpuslinguistic perspective, providing an overview of adverb formation patterns in German that includes frequencies and hints to productivity as well as combining quantitative methods and theoretically founded hypotheses to address questions that concern possible grammaticalization paths in domains that are formally marked by prepositional elements or inflectional morphology (in particular, superlative or superlative-derived forms). Within our collection of adverb types from the project corpus, special attention is paid to adverbs built from primary prepositions. The data suggest that generally, such adverb formation involves the saturation of the internal argument slot of the relation-denoting preposition. In morphologically regular formations with the preposition in final position, pronominal forms like da ‘there’, hier ‘here’, wo ‘where’ as well as hin ‘hither’ and her ‘thither’ serve to derive adverbs. On the other hand, morphologically irregular formations with the preposition – in particular: zu ‘to’ or vor ‘before, in front of’ – in initial posi-tion show traits of syntactic origin such as (remnants of) inflectional morphology. The pertaining adverb type dominantly saturates the internal argument slot by means of universal quantification that is part and parcel as well of the derivation of superlatives and demonstrably fuels the productivity of the pertaining formation pattern.
Our paper describes an experiment aimed to assessment of lexical coverage in web corpora in comparison with the traditional ones for two closely related Slavic languages from the lexicographers’ perspective. The preliminary results show that web corpora should not be considered ― inferior, but rather ― different.
Contents:
1. Andreas Dittrich: Intra-connecting a small exemplary literary corpus with semantic web technologies for exploratory literary studies, S. 1
2. John Kirk, Anna Čermáková: From ICE to ICC: The new International Comparable Corpus, S. 7
3. Dawn Knight, Tess Fitzpatrick, Steve Morris, Jeremy Evas, Paul Rayson, Irena Spasic, Mark Stonelake, Enlli Môn Thomas, Steven Neale, Jennifer Needs, Scott Piao, Mair Rees, Gareth Watkins, Laurence Anthony, Thomas Michael Cobb, Margaret Deuchar, Kevin Donnelly, Michael McCarthy, Kevin Scannell: Creating CorCenCC (Corpws Cenedlaethol Cymraeg Cyfoes – The National Corpus of Contemporary Welsh), S. 13
4. Marc Kupietz, Andreas Witt, Piotr Bański, Dan Tufiş, Dan Cristea, Tamás Váradi: EuReCo - Joining Forces for a European Reference Corpus as a sustainable base for cross-linguistic research, S. 15
5. Harald Lüngen, Marc Kupietz: CMC Corpora in DeReKo, S. 20
6. David McClure, Mark Algee-Hewitt, Douris Steele, Erik Fredner, Hannah Walser: Organizing corpora at the Stanford Literary Lab, S. 25
7. Radoslav Rábara, Pavel Rychlý ,Ondřej Herman: Accelerating corpus search using multiple cores, S. 30
8. John Vidler, Stephen Wattam: Keeping Properties with the Data: CL-MetaHeaders – An Open Specification, S. 35
9. Vladimir Benko: Are Web Corpora Inferior? The Case of Czech and Slovak, S. 43
10. Edyta Jurkiewicz-Rohrbacher, Zrinka Kolaković, Björn Hansen: Web Corpora – the best possible solution for tracking phenomena in underresourced languages: clitics in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian, S. 49
11. Vít Suchomel: Removing Spam from Web Corpora Through Supervised Learning Using FastText, S. 56
Unlike traditional text corpora collected from trustworthy sources, the content of web based corpora has to be filtered. This study briefly discusses the impact of web spam on corpus usability and emphasizes the importance of removing computer generated text from web corpora.
The paper also presents a keyword comparison of an unfiltered corpus with the same collection of texts cleaned by a supervised classifier trained using FastText. The classifier was able to recognize 71% of web spam documents similar to the training set but lacked both precision and recall when applied to short texts from another data set.
Complex linguistic phenomena, such as Clitic Climbing in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian, are often described intuitively, only from the perspective of the main tendency. In this paper, we argue that web corpora currently offer the best source of empirical material for studying Clitic Climbing in BCS. They thus allow the most accurate description of this phenomenon, as less frequent constructions can be tracked only in big, well-annotated data sources. We compare the properties of web corpora for BCS with traditional sources and give examples of studies on CC based on web corpora. Furthermore, we discuss problems related to web corpora and suggest some improvements for the future.