413 Wörterbücher
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Part of a Book (7)
- Article (5)
- Conference Proceeding (4)
- Book (2)
- Review (1)
Keywords
- Wörterbuch (10)
- computerunterstützte Lexikographie (8)
- Computerunterstützte Lexikographie (7)
- Deutsch (3)
- Fußball (3)
- Korpus <Linguistik> (3)
- Sportsprache (3)
- Benutzung (2)
- Politische Sprache (2)
- Datenspeicherung (1)
Publicationstate
Reviewstate
- Peer-Review (1)
- Verlagslektorat (1)
Publisher
Dictionary portals
(2013)
Textual structures in printed dictionaries are well known, adequately researched, and rather exhaustively described (cf. articles 3&10). This article investigates whether or not the models of textual structures in printed dictionaries can be applied to electronic dictionaries (EDs); or, more precisely, which parts of the order and terminology of textual structures in printed dictionaries are applicable to electronic ones and of which differences should one be aware. The focus will be on online dictionaries because they represent the most important kind of digital dictionary, and will become even more important in future. Furthermore, the emphasis will be more on potential future forms of online dictionaries than on current ones which are still sometimes produced as copies of their printed counterparts. To approach this question, basic differences between textual structures in electronic versus printed dictionaries will firstly be discussed. Secondly, further terminological and formal preliminary remarks will be made. The main part of the article will then follow to adapt de Schryver’s idea of “Creating order in dreamland” expressed in his article “Lexicographer’s dreams in the electronic dictionary age”. The aim here is to begin ‘create order in terminology land’ for textual structures in electronic dictionaries. A definitive order cannot be given here because electronic lexicography today involves constant change. In order to discuss the order of textual structures in EDs, not only theoretically, but also in concrete terms, their basic properties will be illustrated by means of a notional online dictionary. Following on from this fictitious scenario, a provisional survey of textual structures in EDs will be presented. Thereby, the focus is less on current online dictionaries than on the possibilities which the new medium provides. Finally, an explanation will be given as to how this view of structures in electronic dictionaries is useful for analyzing current EDs and for planning new ones. The overall aim here is not to introduce new kinds of textual structure in EDs and a corresponding terminology in detail, but to point out some constitutive differences between textual structures in printed dictionaries and those in electronic dictionaries.
This article presents empirical findings about what criteria make for a good online dictionary, using data on expectations and demands collected in an online questionnaire (N~684), complemented by additional results from a second questionnaire (N-390) which looked more closely at whether respondents had differentiated views on individual aspects of the criteria rated in the first study. Our results show that the classical criteria of reference books (such as reliability and clarity) were rated highest by our participants, whereas the unique characteristics of online dictionaries (such as multimedia and adaptability) were rated and ranked as (partly) unimportant. To verify whether or not the poor ratings of these innovative features were a result of the fact that our subjects are unfamiliar with online dictionaries incorporating such features, we incorporated an experiment into the second study. Our results revealed a learning effect: participants in the learning-effect condition, i.e. respondents who were first presented with examples of possible innovative features of online dictionaries, judged adaptability and multimedia to be more useful than participants who were not given that information. Thus, our data point to the conclusion that developing innovative features is worthwhile but that it should be borne in mind that users can only be persuaded of their benefits gradually. In addition, we present data about questions relating to the design of online dictionaries.
Online dictionary use
(2012)
This contribution deals with the representation of verbs with multiple meanings or senses in general monolingual dictionaries. Criteria for differentiating senses in dictionary entries have traditionally been formulated with respect to the vocabulary in general. This paper argues that, while some criteria do indeed apply to the entire lexicon, many of them are relevant only to specific semantic classes. This will be demonstrated considering two selected verb classes: speech-act verbs and perception verbs. Like verbs of other classes, speech-act verbs and perception verbs may be ambiguous in different but recurrent ways. Since recurrent patterns of ambiguity are always typical of particular semantic classes, class-specific semantic criteria are formulated to decide whether a particular ambiguous speech act or perception verb should be treated as being polysemous or homonymous in dictionary entries. In addition to these class-specific semantic criteria, the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity or difference of argument structure is suggested for the lexicographical representation of verbs which may not be considered to be polysemous or homonymous on the basis of semantic criteria alone. According to the suggested argument-structure criterion, these verbs should be treated as polysemous when their senses correlate with identical argument structures and as homonymous when their senses correlate with different argument structures properties. As opposed to the semantic criteria suggested, the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity vs. difference of argument structure applies to verbs of different semantic classes. However, as will be illustrated by the discussion of the different senses of smell, it may sometimes force us to treat different but related senses as corresponding to two distinct lexical items. In order to solve this problem, the criteria suggested are supplemented by a preference rule stating that semantic criteria apply prior to the semantic-syntactic criterion of identity vs. difference of argument structure...