Zweitspracherwerb / Fremdspracherwerb
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This study examines asymmetries between so-called inherent and contextual categories in relation to the morphological complexity of the nominal and verbal inflectional domain of languages. The observations are traced back to the influence of adult L2 learning in scenarios of intense language contact. A method for a simple comparison of the amount of inherent versus contextual categories is proposed and applied to the German-based creole language Unserdeutsch (Rabaul Creole German) in comparison to its lexifier language. The same procedure will be applied to two further language pairs. The grammatical systems of Unserdeutsch and other contact languages display a noticeable asymmetry regarding their structural complexity. Analysing different kinds of evidence, the explanatory key factor seems to be the role of (adult) L2 acquisition in the history of a language, whereby languages with periods of widespread L2 acquisition tend to lose contextual features. This impression is reinforced by general tendencies in pidgin and creole languages. Beyond that, there seems to be a tendency for inherent categories to be more strongly associated with the verb, while contextual categories seem to be more strongly associated with the noun. This leads to an asymmetry in categorical complexity between the noun phrase and the verb phrase in languages that experienced periods of intense L2 learning.
Heranwachsen in einem noch fremden Land: Die Studie beruht auf einer mehr als 20 Jahre umfassenden Langzeiterhebung in russlanddeutschen Familien mit insgesamt 16 Kindern. Schwerpunkt der Beobachtungen und Interviews war die jeweilige Situation der Kinder innerhalb und außerhalb der Familie. Wie veränderte sie sich aus der Sicht der Kinder und ihrer Angehörigen über die Jahre ab der Ankunft in Deutschland bis zum Übergang ins Berufsleben? Welche Bilanz ziehen die nunmehr jungen Erwachsenen ein Vierteljahrhundert nach ihrer Ankunft?
Die Autorinnen ordnen die individuellen Bilanzen in die internationale Migrations- und Integrationsforschung ein. Die deutsch-russische Zweisprachigkeit als Kern der Mehrsprachigkeit der StudienteilnehmerInnen wird in ihrer Beschaffenheit durch Diskursanalysen und deutschsprachige C-Tests beschrieben und zu den Deutschqualifikationen junger Erwachsener ohne Migrationshintergrund ins Verhältnis gesetzt. Die sprachlichen Qualifikationen erfahren so die ihnen gebührende Aufmerksamkeit. Sie sind Bedingung und Folge gesellschaftlicher Zugehörigkeit.
Zur Sprachenpolitik der EG
(1991)
This paper represents a report on an e-tandem project conducted at Freiburg University (Germany) from the winter term 2009/2010 on. It started with a German-ltalian pilot course organised in cooperation with Pavia University (Italy). In order to promote autonomous language learning, the authors used several web-based applications, relying on Skype to enable full (i.e. visual, auditive) interaction between learning partners and on e-mails to let participants practise writing and reading in the respective foreign language. Additionally, participants were asked to compile a weekly electronic portfolio (EPOS) to record their improvements as well as their difficulties. In the paper, the structure of the pilot course will be described and a first balance will be drawn.
This study documents change over time and across proficiency levels in French second-language (L2) speakers’ practices for initiating complaints. Prior research has shown that speakers typically initiate complaints in a stepwise manner that indexes the contingent, moral, and delicate nature of the activity. Although elementary speakers in my data often launch complaint sequences in a straightforward way, they sometimes embodiedly foreshadow verbal expressions of negative stance or delay negative talk through brief positively valenced prefaces. More advanced speakers in part rely on the same initiation practices as elementary speakers. In addition, they recurrently use extensive prefatory work that accounts for and legitimizes the upcoming complaint, and they regularly initiate complaints jointly with coparticipants through a progressive escalation of negative stance expressions. I document interactional resources involved in this change and discuss the findings in terms of speakers’ development of L2 interactional competence. Data are in French with English translations.
Grußwort/Welcome address
(2018)
“To cleanse and at the same time enrich your mother tongue is the task of the brightest people.”
With this quote Goethe, the famous German poet, seemed to have described the work of EFNIL today. But is our task really that easy? Do we “cleanse” our language by deleting superfluous elements? Do we not lose the rich abundance of a language in so doing? Or is Goethe asking for other languages to be prevented from influencing his mother tongue? Would this even be feasible in a globalised world?
Rudi Carrell, a famous entertainer on German TV, once said:
“When I came to Germany I only spoke English. But the German language contains so many English words nowadays that I am now fluent in German!”
His opinion is probably shared by many people learning German.
My daily job is to support around 100,000 schools abroad that offer German as a foreign language. We ask ourselves daily: which German language should we be offering young people today? The classical German of literature? Or practical German which will enable young people to join the workforce of many German companies worldwide? And most of all: how do we motivate young people to learn German? Or any other foreign language?
Yes, English, French, German, Spanish – these languages are in competition in many schools. But the most important fact is: the benefit lies in learning a foreign language, no matter which. Because by learning a foreign language we start to understand foreign cultures and other people. And THAT is what matters.
Deutsch für Aussiedler
(1990)