Korpuslinguistik
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Feedback utterances are among the most frequent in dialogue. Feedback is also a crucial aspect of all linguistic theories that take social interaction involving language into account. However, determining communicative functions is a notoriously difficult task both for human interpreters and systems. It involves an interpretative process that integrates various sources of information. Existing work on communicative function classification comes from either dialogue act tagging where it is generally coarse grained concerning the feed- back phenomena or it is token-based and does not address the variety of forms that feed- back utterances can take. This paper introduces an annotation framework, the dataset and the related annotation campaign (involving 7 raters to annotate nearly 6000 utterances). We present its evaluation not merely in terms of inter-rater agreement but also in terms of usability of the resulting reference dataset both from a linguistic research perspective and from a more applicative viewpoint.
Using the Google Ngram Corpora for six different languages (including two varieties of English), a large-scale time series analysis is conducted. It is demonstrated that diachronic changes of the parameters of the Zipf–Mandelbrot law (and the parameter of the Zipf law, all estimated by maximum likelihood) can be used to quantify and visualize important aspects of linguistic change (as represented in the Google Ngram Corpora). The analysis also reveals that there are important cross-linguistic differences. It is argued that the Zipf–Mandelbrot parameters can be used as a first indicator of diachronic linguistic change, but more thorough analyses should make use of the full spectrum of different lexical, syntactical and stylometric measures to fully understand the factors that actually drive those changes.
This article reports about the on-going work on a new version of the metadata framework Component Metadata Infrastructure (CMDI), central to the CLARIN infrastructure. Version 1.2 introduces a number of important changes based on the experience gathered in the last five years of intensive use of CMDI by the digital humanities community, addressing problems encountered, but also introducing new functionality. Next to the consolidation of the structure of the model and schema sanity, new means for lifecycle management have been introduced aimed at combatting the observed proliferation of components, new mechanism for use of external vocabularies will contribute to more consistent use of controlled values and cues for tools will allow improved presentation of the metadata records to the human users. The feature set has been frozen and approved, and the infrastructure is now entering a transition phase, in which all the tools and data need to be migrated to the new version.
Usenet is a large online resource containing user-generated messages (news articles) organised in discussion groups (newsgroups) which deal with a wide variety of different topics. We describe the download, conversion, and annotation of a comprehensive German news corpus for integration in DeReKo, the German Reference Corpus hosted at the Institut für Deutsche Sprache in Mannheim.
ln einer korpuspragmatischen Sicht auf Sprachgebrauch werden sogenannte Sprachgebrauchsmuster, die typisch für bestimmte Sprachausschnitte sind, datengeleitet berechnet. Solche Sprachgebrauchsmuster können z.B. diskursanalytisch gedeutet werden; noch relativ unerforscht ist aber ein konstruktionsgrammatischer Blick auf solche Muster. An zwei Beispielen wird gezeigt, wie mit der Berechnung von typischen n-Grammen (auf der Basis von Wortformen, sowie komplexer auf der Basis von Wortformen und Wortartkategorien) Sprachgebrauchsmuster berechnet werden können: Beim ersten Beispiel werden typische Formulierungsmuster in Leserbriefen, beim zweiten Beispiel aus einem politischen Diskurs (Wulff-Affäre), untersucht. Der Beitrag zielt in der Folge darauf ab, diese Muster dem usage-based-approach der KxG folgend als Konstruktionen zu deuten, die soziopragmatischen Verwendungsbedingungen gehorchen.
Contents:
1. Michal Křen: Recent Developments in the Czech National Corpus, S. 1
2. Dan Tufiş, Verginica Barbu Mititelu, Elena Irimia, Stefan Dumitrescu, Tiberiu Boros, Horia Nicolai Teodorescu: CoRoLa Starts Blooming – An update on the Reference Corpus of Contemporary Romanian Language, S. 5
3. Sebastian Buschjäger, Lukas Pfahler, Katharina Morik: Discovering Subtle Word Relations in Large German Corpora, S. 11
4. Johannes Graën, Simon Clematide: Challenges in the Alignment, Management and Exploitation of Large and Richly Annotated Multi-Parallel Corpora, S. 15
5. Stefan Evert, Andrew Hardie: Ziggurat: A new data model and indexing format for large annotated text corpora, S. 21
6. Roland Schäfer: Processing and querying large web corpora with the COW14 architecture, S. 28
7. Jochen Tiepmar: Release of the MySQL-based implementation of the CTS protocol, S. 35
The IMS Open Corpus Workbench (CWB) software currently uses a simple tabular data model with proven limitations. We outline and justify the need for a new data model to underlie the next major version of CWB. This data model, dubbed Ziggurat, defines a series of types of data layer to represent different structures and relations within an annotated corpus; each such layer may contain variables of different types. Ziggurat will allow us to gradually extend and enhance CWB’s existing CQP-syntax for corpus queries, and also make possible more radical departures relative not only to the current version of CWB but also to other contemporary corpus-analysis software.