Kontrastive Linguistik
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Jeden Tag finden weltweit über 40 innerstaatliche Konflikte und Kriege statt. Nach dem letzten Stand (14.11.2022) werden in Subsahara-Afrika 13, im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika zehn und in Asien ebenfalls zehn Konflikte erwähnt. Aus Europa und Lateinamerika wird jeweils über fünf Konflikte berichtet. 2023 kam es zu neuen Konflikten und Kriegen in der Welt, über die jedoch noch keine Statistik vorhanden ist. Der russische Angriffskrieg gegen die Ukraine ist aber seit Anfang 2022 in den Weltmedien omnipräsent geworden. Somit wurde der Begriff Krieg auf verschiedene Weise in vielen internationalen Kontexten und Textquellen interpretiert und umschrieben, dann aber deutlich zum Ausdruck gebracht.
Mangelhafter Adressatenzuschnitt in ukrainischen und deutschen politischen Youtube-Interviews
(2019)
The article investigates Ukrainian and German YouTube interviews from the point of view of contrastive linguistics. The purpose of this paper is to separate out the interview as a communicative genre and to determine the main aspects of research on discrepancies in expectations among interview participants, in particular to clarify the role of poor recipient design as the cause of communication failures. Results indicate that poor recipient design is the most common source of communication failures in both languages.
This paper investigates the use of linking adverbs in adversative constructions in German and Italian. In Italian those constructions are very frequently formulated with adverbs such as invece, while wordings without a lexical connective are more typical of German. Corpus data show that the syntactic und semantic conditions favouring the use of adversative adverbs are by and large the same in both languages. Lexical connectives can increase explicitness when the intended adversative interpretation is not obvious on other grounds. The higher frequency of adversative adverbs in Italian is shown to be a consequence of the more restrictive rules of the placement of prosodic accent.
In informal interaction, speakers rarely thank a person who has complied with a request. Examining data from British English, German, Italian, Polish, and Telugu, we ask when speakers do thank after compliance. The results show that thanking treats the other’s assistance as going beyond what could be taken for granted in the circumstances. Coupled with the rareness of thanking after requests, this suggests that cooperation is to a great extent governed by expectations of helpfulness, which can be long-standing, or built over the course of a particular interaction. The higher frequency of thanking in some languages (such as English or Italian) suggests that cultures differ in the importance they place on recognizing the other’s agency in doing as requested.