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In this paper we present the results of an automatic classification of Russian texts into three levels of difficulty. Our aim is to build a study corpus of Russian, in which a L2 student is able to select texts of a desired complexity. We are building on a pilot study, in which we classified Russian texts into two levels of difficulty. In the current paper, we apply the classification to an extended corpus of 577 labelled texts. The best-performing combination of features achieves an accuracy of 0,74 within at most one level difference.
Der Beitrag vermittelt den Gegenstand ‚Sprache und Judentum‘ im Zeichen religiöser Kommunikativität und Judentum als kommunikativ-performatives religiöses Glaubenssystem. Die Spezifizierung des allgemein-religiösen Phänomens der Kommunikativität in Bezug auf die jüdische Religion besteht demzufolge darin, das generell für Religionen geltende Phänomen qualitativ hinsichtlich seiner Ausprägungen als Proprium religiöser jüdischer Praxis darzustellen. Diese Ausprägungen werden kulturanalytisch beschrieben mit den Kategorien ‚kulturelles Gedächtnis‘, ‚rituelle Kommunikation‘ und ‚kulturelles Zeichensystem‘. Ihnen zugeordnet sind die jeweils entsprechenden zentralen religiösen Performanzen der jüdischen Tradition.
TV-Formate
(2017)
In the management of cooperation, the fit of a requested action with what the addressee is presently doing is a pervasively relevant consideration. We present evidence that imperative turns are adapted to, and reflexively create, contexts in which the other person is committed to the course of action advanced by the imperative. This evidence comes from systematic variation in the design of imperative turns, relative to the fittedness of the imperatively mandated action to the addressee’s ongoing trajectory of actions, what we call the “dine of commitment”. We present four points on this dine: Responsive imperatives perform an operation on the deontic dimension of what the addressee has announced or already begun to do (in particular its permissibility); local-project imperatives formulate a new action advancing a course of action in which the addressee is already actively engaged; global-project-imperatives target a next task for which the addressee is available on the grounds of their participation in the overall event, and in the absence of any competing work; and competitive imperatives draw on a presently otherwise engaged addressee on the grounds of their social commitment to the relevant course of actions. These four turn shapes are increasingly complex, reflecting the interactional work required to bridge the increasing distance between what the addressee is currently doing, and what the imperative mandates. We present data from German and Polish informal and institutional settings.
Seit Jahrhunderten gab es und gibt es im russländischen Reich, in der Sowjetunion und im postsowjetischen Raum Menschen, deren Leben dadurch charakterisiert ist, dass in ihm die deutsche und die russische Sprache und die damit verbundenen Traditionen eng verflochten sind (vgl. Stricker (Hg.) 1997). Mit der Bezeichnung ,Russlanddeutsche‘ beziehen wir uns in diesem Beitrag nur auf diejenigen unter ihnen, deren Vorfahren auf Einladung russischer Zaren aus deutschsprachigen Regionen nach Russland übersiedelten, um dort dünn besiedelte Landstriche zu erschließen und zu kultivieren - deutsch-sprachige Menschen in der Kolonisten-Tradition (vgl. Ditc 1997).
This survey describes the practice of dictionary criticism in German philological periodicals. It focuses on reviews of general dictionaries of contemporary German as well as of historical dictionaries of German. Our results show that only a few reference works are reviewed by only a small group of reviewers, and different volumes of dictionaries are not necessarily reviewed systematically. On the criteria for the selection of the reviewed dictionaries one can only speculate. All in all, this rather unsystematic review practice can be interpreted as a disregard of the work of lexicographers, as a neglect of the interests of potential dictionary users, and as a sad disinterest of philologists in lexicographic work.
In this chapter, a conversation-analytic approach is used to study medical recommendations as an essential part of medical advice. Tlte analyses are based on renal treatment planning conversations in which physicians inform patients about an upcoming dialysis therapy. The data reveals that medical recommendations are marked throughout by their strikingly tentative and relativistic phrasing in which the conflict between physicians duty of care and the patient’s autonomy is obvious. The observed discrepancy between what should be said and what patients and physicians want to be said - and heard - not only gives reason to challenge the ethical and legal requirements concerning medical recommendations and their implications for medical practice, but also to rethink the current models of decision-making in medical communication.