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Ziel des vorliegenden Aufsatzes ist die Betrachtung der lexikalischen Begegnung des Rumänischen und des Deutschen vor dem Hintergrund des Bildes des deutschen Siedlers im rumänischen Paradigma. Ausgangspunkt der Überlegungen sind zum einen den Allgemeinplatz bildende Fragen zu Sprechern, Kontakt-Konstellationen, zu Auswirkungen ihres Sprach- und Kulturkontaktes, denn Wörter werden erstmal von einzelnen Sprechern übernommen, nicht von der Sprache selbst.
Constructionist approaches to grammar do not draw a clear distinction between lexicon and grammar, as generative "words and rules" accounts do. Rather, they conceptualize grammar and lexicon as a continuum of constructions of greater or lesser complexity and abstraction. In this paper, i explore the implications of this paradigm shift for the applied discipline of grammaticography. If we abandon the distinction between grammar and lexicon, should we also abandon the distinction between grammar, books and dictionaries? Drawing on a case study on the treatment of verbless constructions in the "IDS-Grammatik", it is argued that constructions should play a greater role in grammar books, but that grammar books still need to provide access to general principles of grammar.
Selten zuvor hat ein Ereignis in der Welt so direkt und für viele Menschen unmittelbar spürbar Einfluss auf den Wortschatz des Deutschen gehabt wie die Coronapandemie. Fast täglich konnte man ab Frühjahr 2020 neuen Wortschatz im Radio oder Fernsehen hören und in Zeitungen, Zeitschriften oder Beiträgen in den Sozialen Medien lesen. Zugleich sind zahlreiche medizinische und epidemiologische Fachausdrücke in den Allgemeinwortschatz eingegangen. Welche Spuren dieses dynamischen Wandels in Lexikon und Kommunikation auf lange Sicht in unserer Sprache zu finden sein werden, ist eine offene Frage, auf die die Sprachwissenschaft erst in den nächsten Jahrzehnten eine Antwort wird geben können. Erste Tendenzen aber zeichnen sich schon heute ab.
In this paper we investigate the coverage of the two knowledge sources WordNet and Wikipedia for the task of bridging resolution. We report on an annotation experiment which yielded pairs of bridging anaphors and their antecedents in spoken multi-party dialog. Manual inspection of the two knowledge sources showed that, with some interesting exceptions, Wikipedia is superior to WordNet when it comes to the coverage of information necessary to resolve the bridging anaphors in our data set. We further describe a simple procedure for the automatic extraction of the required knowledge from Wikipedia by means of an API, and discuss some of the implications of the procedure’s performance.
Coronaparty, Jo-jo-Lockdown und Mask-have – Wortschatzerweiterung während des Corona-Stillstands
(2021)
Lexical resources are often represented in table form, e. g., in relational databases, or represented in specially marked up texts, for example, in document based XML models. This paper describes how it is possible to model lexical structures as graphs and how this model can be used to exploit existing lexical resources and even how different types of lexical resources can be combined.
Lexicography
(2008)
Lexicon schemas and their use are discussed in this paper from the perspective of lexicographers and field linguists. A variety of lexicon schemas have been developed, with goals ranging from computational lexicography (DATR) through archiving (LIFT, TEI) to standardization (LMF, FSR). A number of requirements for lexicon schemas are given. The lexicon schemas are introduced and compared to each other in terms of conversion and usability for this particular user group, using a common lexicon entry and providing examples for each schema under consideration. The formats are assessed and the final recommendation is given for the potential users, namely to request standard compliance from the developers of the tools used. This paper should foster a discussion between authors of standards, lexicographers and field linguists.