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Einleitung
(2023)
One central goal of the project ‘Zentrum für digitale Lexikographie der deutschen Sprache’ (Center for digital lexicography for the German Language, www.zdl.org) is to provide a corpus-based lexicographic component of common German multi-word expressions (MWE), including idioms, for DWDS (www.dwds.de), a general language dictionary of contemporary German. As a central challenge of this task, we have identified an adequate lexicographic representation of such common properties of MWE as variation and modification. To document the variation, we have developed a special entry-clustering model, which we call hub-node entry. This model comprises a core hub entry headed by a short nuclear form of the MWE and several node entries, which represent the most common variants in their full lexical forms.
Einführung
(2022)
In diesem Kapitel stellen wir zunächst grundlegende Konzepte von Abfragesystemen und Abfragesprachen für die Suche in Korpora vor. Diese Konzepte sollen Ihnen helfen, die einzelnen Abfragesprachen besser zu verstehen und vergleichen zu können. Die gängigen Abfragesprachen unterscheiden sich in vielen Details. Diese Details und die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der einzelnen Abfragesprachen stellen wir im zweiten Teil mit vielen Beispielaufgaben und dazu passenden Lösungen in jeweils drei Abfragesprachen vor.
The paper reports on the results of a scientific colloquium dedicated to the creation of standards and best practices which are needed to facilitate the integration of language resources for CMC stemming from different origins and the linguistic analysis of CMC phenomena in different languages and genres. The key issue to be solved is that of interoperability – with respect to the structural representation of CMC genres, linguistic annotations metadata, and anonymization/pseudonymization schemas. The objective of the paper is to convince more projects to partake in a discussion about standards for CMC corpora and for the creation of a CMC corpus infrastructure across languages and genres. In view of the broad range of corpus projects which are currently underway all over Europe, there is a great window of opportunity for the creation of standards in a bottom-up approach.
Das Kapitel widmet sich den grundsätzlichen technischen Rahmenbedingungen für die heutige Internetlexikografie. Zum einen skizzieren die Autoren, was „hinter“ den auf einem Monitor sichtbaren Benutzeroberflächen geschieht, wenn eine Nutzerin online auf ein Wörterbuch zugreift, und wie diese Prozesse zu Dokumentationszwecken in I.ogdateien protokolliert werden können. Zum anderen diskutieren sie, wie die Identität und dauerhafte Verfügbarkeit von Inhalten angesichts der ständig möglichen Aktualisierbarkeit von Online-Angeboten sichergestellt werden können.
The paper presents an XML schema for the representation of genres of computer-mediated communication (CMC) that is compliant with the encoding framework defined by the TEI. It was designed for the annotation of CMC documents in the project Deutsches Referenzkorpus zur internetbasierten Kommunikation (DeRiK), which aims at building a corpus on language use in the most popular CMC genres on the German-speaking Internet. The focus of the schema is on those CMC genres which are written and dialogic―such as forums, bulletin boards, chats, instant messaging, wiki and weblog discussions, microblogging on Twitter, and conversation on “social network” sites.
The schema provides a representation format for the main structural features of CMC discourse as well as elements for the annotation of those units regarded as “typical” for language use on the Internet. The schema introduces an element <posting>, which describes stretches of text that are sent to the server by a user at a certain point in time. Postings are the main constituting elements of threads and logfiles, which, in our schema, are the two main types of CMC macrostructures. For the microlevel of CMC documents (that is, the structure of the <posting> content), the schema introduces elements for selected features of Internet jargon such as emoticons, interaction words and addressing terms. It allows for easy anonymization of CMC data for purposes in which the annotated data are made publicly available and includes metadata which are necessary for referencing random excerpts from the data as references in dictionary entries or as results of corpus queries.
Documentation of the schema as well as encoding examples can be retrieved from the web at http://www.empirikom.net/bin/view/Themen/CmcTEI. The schema is meant to be a core model for representing CMC that can be modified and extended by others according to their own specific perspectives on CMC data. It could be a first step towards an integration of features for the representation of CMC genres into a future new version of the TEI Guidelines.
In this paper we present an approach to faceted search in large language resource repositories. This kind of search which enables users to browse through the repository by choosing their personal sequence of facets heavily relies on the availability of descriptive metadata for the objects in the repository. This approach therefore informs the collection of a minimal set of metatdata for language resources. The work described in this paper has been funded by the EC within the ESFRI infrastructure project CLARIN.
In diesem Beitrag geht es um Fragen der Benutzerführung in lexikografisch-lexikologischen Portalen, und zwar inbesondere um die Portale OWID (Mannheim) und „Wörterbuch-Portal“ (Berlin). Diese werden mit ihrer jeweiligen Konzeption sowie ihrem technischen Aufbau vorgestellt und dann aus Benutzersicht bewertet. An Vorschläge für die Weiterentwicklung dieser Angebote schließen sich einige grundsätzliche Überlegungen zur Zukunft lexikografischer Portale an.
The authors describe two data sets submitted to the database of MWE evaluation resources: (1) cranberry expressions in English and (2) cranberry expressions in German. The first package contains a collection of 444 cranberry words in German (CWde.txt) and a collection of the corresponding cranberry expressions (CCde.txt). The second package consists of a collection of 77 cranberry words in English (CWen.txt) and a collection of the corresponding cranberry expressions (CCen.txt). The data included in these packages was extracted from the Collection of Distributionally Idiosyncratic Items (CoDII), an electronic linguistic resource of lexical items with idiosyncratic occurrence patterns. Each package contains a readme file, and can be downloaded from multiword.wiki.sourceforge.net/Resources.
This paper describes an approach to modelling a general-language wordnet, GermaNet, and a domain-specific wordnet, TermNet, in the web ontology language OWL. While the modelling process for GermaNet adopts relevant recommendations with respect to the English Princeton WordNet, for Term-Net an alternative modelling concept is developed that considers the special characteristics of domain-specific terminologies. We present a proposal for linking a general-language wordnet and a terminological wordnet within the framework of OWL and on this basis discuss problems and alternative modelling approaches.