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A general lexicographic model for a typological variety of dictionaries in African languages

'n Algemene leksikografiese model vir 'n tipologiese verskeidenheid woordeboeke in Afrikatale

  • So far, there have been few descriptions on creating structures capable of storing lexicographic data, ISO 24613:2008 being one of the latest. Another one is by Spohr (2012), who designs a multifunctional lexical resource which is able to store data of different types of dictionaries in a user-oriented way. Technically, his design is based on the principle of a hierarchical XML/OWL (eXtensible Markup Language/Web Ontology Language) representation model. This article follows another route in describing a model based on entities and relations between them; MySQL (usually referred to as: Structured Query Language) describes a database system of tables containing data and definitions of relations between them. The model was developed in the context of the project "Scientific eLexicography for Africa" and the lexicographic database to be built thereof will be implemented with MySQL. The principles of the ISO model and of Spohr's model are adhered to with one major difference in the implementation strategy: we do not place the lemma in the centre of attention, but the sense description — all other elements, including the lemma, depend on the sense description. This article also describes the contained lexicographic data sets and how they have been collected from different sources. As our aim is to compile several prototypical internet dictionaries (a monolingual Northern Sotho dictionary, a bilingual learners' Xhosa–English dictionary and a bilingual Zulu–English dictionary), we describe the necessary microstructural elements for each of them and which principles we adhere to when designing different ways of accessing them. We plan to make the model and the (empty) database with all graphical user interfaces that have been developed, freely available by mid-2015.
  • Tot dusver bestaan daar min beskrywings oor hoe om strukture te skep wat daartoe in staat is om leksikografiese data te berg. ISO 24613 2008 is een van die mees onlangse sodanige beskrywings. Nog een, naamlik dié van Spohr (2012) wat fokus op die ontwerp van 'n gebruikersgerigte multifunksionele leksikale bron, gebruik die voorstellingsmodel XML/OWL (eXtensible Markup Language/Web Ontology Language) wat in beginsel hiërargies is. In hierdie artikel word 'n ander roete gevolg om 'n model te beskryf wat gebaseer is op entiteite en hul onderlinge verhoudinge. MySQL (gewoonlik na verwys as Structured Query Language) beskryf 'n databasisstelsel van tabelle wat data bevat en definisies van hulle onderlinge verhoudinge. Die model is ontwikkel binne die konteks van die projek "Scientific e-Lexicography for Africa" en die databasis wat saamgestel word, sal met behulp van MySQL toegepas word. Die beginsels van die ISO-model asook dié van Spohr word gehandhaaf maar wel met een groot uitsondering in die implementeringstrategie: die lemma is naamlik nie sentraal in die bewerking nie, maar wel die beskrywing van betekenisonderskeidings — alle ander elemente, met insluiting van die lemma, is afhanklik van die beskrywing van die betekenisonderskeidings. Hierdie artikel bespreek ook die leksikografiese datastelle wat aangebied word en hoe hulle uit verskillende bronne versamel is. Aangesien dit ons doel is om verskillende prototipiese internetwoordeboeke saam te stel ('n eentalige Noord-Sotho woordeboek, 'n tweetalige aanleerderswoordeboek Xhosa–Engels en 'n tweetalige woordeboek Zoeloe–Engels) bespreek ons die noodsaaklike mikrostrukturele elemente vir elkeen van hierdie woordeboeke en watter beginsels gevolg word om verskillende maniere te ontwikkel om toegang tot hierdie woordeboeke te verkry. Die plan is om die model en die (leë) databasis met al die grafiese koppelvlakke wat ontwikkel is teen die middel van 2015 gratis beskikbaar te stel.

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Metadaten
Author:Gertrud FaaßORCiD, Sonja E. Bosch, Rufus H. GouwsORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-116368
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5788/24-1-1254
ISSN:2224-0039
Parent Title (English):Lexikos
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2014
Date of Publication (online):2023/05/05
Publishing Institution:Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)
Publicationstate:Veröffentlichungsversion
Reviewstate:Peer-Review
Tag:2008; access structure; african languages dictionaries; iso24613; lexicographic model; macrostructure; microstructure; multifunctional lexical resource; mysql
2008; afrikataalwoordeboeke; iso24613; leksikografiese model; makrostruktuur; mikrostruktuur; multifunksionele leksikale bron; mysql; toegangstruktuur
GND Keyword:Afrikanische Sprachen; Computerlinguistik; Datenbank; Datensatz; Lexikografie; MySQL; Online-Wörterbuch; Sprachtypologie; Wörterbuch
Volume:24
Issue:1
First Page:94
Last Page:115
DDC classes:400 Sprache / 400 Sprache, Linguistik
Open Access?:ja
Linguistics-Classification:Computerlinguistik
Linguistics-Classification:Lexikografie
Licence (English):License LogoCreative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International