The etymology of internationalisms. Evidence from German and Slovak
- In the etymological information for a word in a dictionary, the first question to be answered is whether the word is a borrowing or the result of word formation. Here, we consider this question for internationalisms ending in -ation in German and in -ácia in Slovak. In German, -ation is a suffix that attaches to verbs in -ieren. For these verbs, it is in competition with -ung. In Slovak, -ácia is a suffix that attaches to bases of Latin or Greek origin. The corresponding verbs are often backformations. Most Slovak verbs also have a nominalization in -nie. In order to investigate to what extent the nouns in -ation or -ácia are borrowings or derived from the corresponding verbs in German and Slovak, we took a random sample of English nouns in -ation for which OED gives a corresponding verb. For this sample, we checked whether the cognate noun in -ation or -ácia is attested in standard dictionaries and in corpora. Then we did the same for the corresponding verbs and the nouns in -ung or -nie. Finally, we checked the frequency of these words in DeReKo for German and SNK for Slovak. On this basis, we found evidence that -ation in German has a slightly different status to -ácia in Slovak. This status affects the relationship to the corresponding verbs and to the nouns in -ung or -nie. Such generalizations are important as background information for specifying etymological information in dictionaries, especially for languages where first attestations dates are not readily available.
Author: | Pius ten HackenGND, Renáta PanocováGND |
---|---|
URN: | urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-113370 |
URL: | https://euralex2022.ids-mannheim.de/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Proceedings_11.07.2022.pdf |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.14618/ids-pub-11337 |
ISBN: | 978-3-937241-87-6 |
Parent Title (English): | Dictionaries and Society. Proceedings of the XX EURALEX International Congress, 12-16 July 2022, Mannheim, Germany |
Publisher: | IDS-Verlag |
Place of publication: | Mannheim |
Editor: | Annette Klosa-Kückelhaus, Christine Möhrs, Stefan Engelberg, Petra Storjohann |
Document Type: | Part of a Book |
Language: | English |
Year of first Publication: | 2022 |
Date of Publication (online): | 2022/11/14 |
Publishing Institution: | Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) |
Publicationstate: | Veröffentlichungsversion |
Reviewstate: | (Verlags)-Lektorat |
Tag: | Borrowing; reanalysis; word formation |
GND Keyword: | Deutsch; Internationalismus; Lehnwort; Nomen; Slowakisch; Wortbildung |
First Page: | 792 |
Last Page: | 802 |
DDC classes: | 400 Sprache / 420 Englisch |
Open Access?: | ja |
Conferences, Workshops: | Dictionaries and Society. Proceedings of the XX EURALEX International Congress, 12-16 July 2022, Mannheim, Germany |
Licence (German): | ![]() |