TY - THES U1 - Dissertation / Habilitation A1 - Heinze, Torben T1 - A tale of many stories: explaining policy diffusion between European higher education systems N2 - The thesis ”A Tale of Many Stories - Explaining Policy Diffusion between European Higher Education Systems" systematically examines diffusion processes and their effects with regard to a rather neglected policy area – the case of European higher education policy. The thesis contributes to the slowly growing number of comparative and mechanism-based studies on policy diffusion and represents the first study on the diffusion of policies between European Higher Education Systems. The main aim is to contrast and compare testable and coherent explanatory models on the functioning of different diffusion mechanisms. Three sets of explanatory models on the relationship between variables triggering and conditioning diffusion mechanisms and their impact on policy adoption are drawn from mechanism-based thinking on policy diffusion: on learning, socialization, and externalities. These approaches conceptualize the policy process in terms of interdependencies between international and national actors. Explanatory models based on assumptions about domestic policies and the common responses of countries to similar policy problems extend this theoretical framework. The thesis is based on event history modelling of policy change and adoption in higher education systems of 16 West European countries between the yeas 1980 and 1998. Overall 14 policy items describing performance-orientated reforms for public universities ranging from the adoption of external quality assurance systems to tuition fees are examined. Empirically, the main research question is what international, national and policy-specific factors cause and condition diffusion processes and the adoption of public policies? Evidence can be found for and against all of the four theoretical approaches tested. In comparison, many of the assumptions related to interdependencies lack robustness, whereas the common response model is the most stable one. This does not mean that explanatory models based on interdependent decision-making are not suitable for analysing policy diffusion in higher education. Rather interdependency is a multi- dimensional concept that requires a comparative assessment of diffusion mechanisms. Some of explanatory factors based on interdependent decision- making are still supported by the empirical analysis though. From this point of view, the recommendation for analysing diffusion is to start with a model based on domestic politics, that is successively extended by explanatory factors dealing with interdependencies between international and national actors. Diffusion variables matter – but it is only one side of the tale on policy diffusion. KW - Bildungspolitik KW - Hochschulpolitik KW - Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft KW - Ereignisdatenanalyse KW - Höheres Bildungswesen KW - policy diffusion KW - higher education policy KW - policy transfer KW - policy convergence KW - isomorphism KW - governance KW - new public management Y2 - 2013 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-fudissthesis000000094761-4 U6 - https://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-16110 DO - https://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-16110 SP - 519; xi S1 - 519; xi PB - Freie Universität Berlin CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Konferenzveröffentlichung A1 - Heinze, Torben A1 - Knill, Christoph T1 - Analysing the differential impact of the Bolgona Process - theoretical and methodological considerations on transnational communication and cross-national policy convergence T2 - ECPR joint sessions of workshops N2 - This paper aims to address these problems by dealing with theoretical and methodological questions concerning the national effects of the Bologna Process and the role national factors play in determining the impact of these effects. Altogether the purpose of the paper is to serve as a starting point for future research – both as a guide for systematic and comparative empirical work on higher education, but also for further theoretical and methodological reasoning concerning research on (higher) education policy. As higher education research so far particularly lacks an approach allowing for a competitive and systematic falsification of theoretical arguments by clearly indicating testable and specific hypothesis as well as variables behind the research design (Goedegebuure/Vught 1996) we propose to fall back on neighbouring disciplines, namely social science to improve and enhance the analysis (Slaughter 2001: 398; Altbach 2002: 154; Teichler 1996a: 433, 2005: 448). Several strands of research have to be considered – namely literature on Europeanization as well as insights and approaches of studies dealing with cross-national policy convergence. Taking into account the non-obligatory and mainly intergovernmental character of the Bologna Process the main focus of the paper is on factors related to the effects of transnational communication. The inherent goal is to extend the research agenda on higher education (McLendon 2003: 184ff) and to leave behind the restriction of to analyse only a few cases by striving for a research design that allows for systematic testing and sufficient explanations of cross-national policy convergence at the interface between the Bologna Process and domestic factors. KW - Bologna-Prozess KW - Vergleichende politische Wissenschaft KW - Höheres Bildungswesen KW - Sozialwissenschaften KW - Europäisierung KW - Bildungspolitik KW - policy convergence KW - cross-national policy convergence KW - transnational communication KW - higher education research Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104016 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104016 UR - https://ecpr.eu/Events/Event/PaperDetails/12141 N1 - Panel: Reforming Education Policy: Internationalisation – Privatisation – Governance SP - 33 S1 - 33 PB - University of Helsinki CY - Helsinki ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Buchbeitrag A1 - Trawiński, Beata T1 - Validating the Performativity Hypothesis to Neg-Raising using corpus data: Evidence from Polish T2 - 43. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft: Modell & Evidenz. 23. - 26. Februar 2021, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau KW - Polnisch KW - Performanz KW - Sprachakt KW - Syntax KW - Korpus KW - Negation Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-103728 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-103728 UR - https://www.linguistik.uni-freiburg.de/dgfs-jahrestagung-2021/dokumente/dgfs_booklet SP - 141 EP - 141 S1 - 1 PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft CY - Freiburg ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Konferenzveröffentlichung A1 - Wiegand, Michael A1 - Ruppenhofer, Josef ED - Merlo, Paola ED - Tiedemann, Jörg ED - Tsarfaty, Reut T1 - Exploiting emojis for abusive language detection T2 - Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Main Volume N2 - We propose to use abusive emojis, such as the “middle finger” or “face vomiting”, as a proxy for learning a lexicon of abusive words. Since it represents extralinguistic information, a single emoji can co-occur with different forms of explicitly abusive utterances. We show that our approach generates a lexicon that offers the same performance in cross-domain classification of abusive microposts as the most advanced lexicon induction method. Such an approach, in contrast, is dependent on manually annotated seed words and expensive lexical resources for bootstrapping (e.g. WordNet). We demonstrate that the same emojis can also be effectively used in languages other than English. Finally, we also show that emojis can be exploited for classifying mentions of ambiguous words, such as “fuck” and “bitch”, into generally abusive and just profane usages. KW - Smiley KW - Beleidigung KW - Beschimpfung KW - Lexikon KW - Kontrastive Linguistik KW - Ambiguität KW - fuck KW - Social Media KW - Computerunterstützte Kommunikation KW - Graphisches Symbol KW - abusive language KW - abusive emojis KW - abusive words KW - ambiguous words Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104168 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104168 UR - https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2021.eacl-main.28 SP - 369 EP - 380 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics CY - Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Konferenzveröffentlichung A1 - Wiegand, Michael A1 - Geulig, Maja A1 - Ruppenhofer, Josef ED - Merlo, Paola ED - Tiedemann, Jörg ED - Tsarfaty, Reut T1 - Implicitly abusive comparisons – a new dataset and linguistic analysis T2 - Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Main Volume N2 - We examine the task of detecting implicitly abusive comparisons (e.g. “Your hair looks like you have been electrocuted”). Implicitly abusive comparisons are abusive comparisons in which abusive words (e.g. “dumbass” or “scum”) are absent. We detail the process of creating a novel dataset for this task via crowdsourcing that includes several measures to obtain a sufficiently representative and unbiased set of comparisons. We also present classification experiments that include a range of linguistic features that help us better understand the mechanisms underlying abusive comparisons. KW - Vergleich KW - Datensatz KW - Crowdsourcing KW - Beleidigung KW - Beschimpfung KW - abusive comparisons KW - implicitly abusive comparisons KW - abusive language Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104170 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104170 UR - https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2021.eacl-main.27 SP - 358 EP - 368 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics CY - Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania ER - TY - JOUR U1 - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed) A1 - Helmer, Henrike A1 - Reineke, Silke ED - Ehmer, Oliver ED - Helmer, Henrike ED - Oloff, Florence ED - Reineke, Silke T1 - Instruktionen und Aufforderungen in Theorie und Praxis – Einparken im Fahrunterricht JF - Gesprächsforschung: Themenheft "How to get things done" – Aufforderungen und Instruktionen in der multimodalen Interaktion N2 - Der Beitrag widmet sich der Ausgestaltung von Instruktionen und Aufforderungen zum rückwärts Einparken im theoretischen und praktischen Fahrschulunterricht in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften der jeweiligen Unterrichtssituation. Verglichen werden dazu Instruktionssequenzen aus drei Vermittlungstypen: 1. die Instruktion anhand einer software-gestützten Einparksimulation im Theorie-Unterricht, 2. die Instruktion anhand einer Modellautodemonstration im Fahrschulauto, und 3. der direkt angeschlossene erste praktische Übungsvorgang. Eine Untersuchung der grammatischen Ausgestaltung der Instruktionen und der verkörperten Handlungen zeigt eine besondere Funktion der Modellautodemonstration: Dieser Vermittlungstyp vereint Aspekte sowohl der Unterrichtssituation im Fahrschulraum als auch im fahrenden Auto. Die Orientierungspunkte am Modell werden mit denen des 'realen' Autos und seiner Umgebung verbunden. Dabei offenbart sich in den Instruktionen und Aufforderungen ein Kontinuum von Theorie und Praxis, dessen Ausprägungen maßgeblich von der (Ent-)Kopplung bezüglich der Anwendungssituation und der (Nicht-)Mobilität des Autos abhängen. Die Untersuchung zeigt, wie grammatische und multimodale Formen an ihren lokalen und situativen Kontext angepasst und interpretiert werden. N2 - The article deals with instructions and requests within larger instruction sequences to learn parallel parking and the dependence of their design on the characteristics of the teaching situation. We compare three sequences of instructions: 1. during theory lessons with a software-based simulation, 2. in the car which is supported by the use of a toy car, and 3. during the student’s first trial of reverse parking. An analysis of the grammatical and bodily design of these instructions reveals a special function of the instruction sequence supported by the toy car. This type of instruction sequence combines aspects both of the teaching situation in the classroom and in the moving car: Here, the most relevant landmarks of the parking process are established from a bird’s eye view and they are set in relation to the corresponding landmarks of the 'real' car and its environment. This shows that instructions and requests range on a continuum from theory to practice: Their grammatical and bodily design is tied to the local and situational context. The differences of these contexts are better described in terms of whether the instruction is taking place decoupled from the learned practice itself or whether it is part of the practical trial. KW - Instruktionen KW - Aufforderungen KW - Fahrschule KW - Grammatik KW - Zeigegesten KW - Fahrschule KW - Fahrunterricht KW - Praxis KW - Theorie KW - Unterrichtssituation KW - Multimodalität KW - Konversationsanalyse KW - Gestik KW - Ikonische Gesten KW - Theorie KW - Praxis KW - instructions KW - requests KW - driving lessons KW - grammar KW - pointing gestures KW - iconic gestures KW - theory KW - practice Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104221 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104221 UR - http://www.gespraechsforschung-online.de/instruktionen.html SN - 1617-1837 SS - 1617-1837 IS - 22 SP - 114 EP - 150 PB - Verlag für Gesprächsforschung CY - Göttingen ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Buchbeitrag A1 - Stührenberg, Maik A1 - Schonefeld, Oliver A1 - Witt, Andreas ED - Koschtial, Claudia ED - Köhler, Thomas ED - Felden, Carsten T1 - Digital research infrastructure T2 - e-Science: Open, social and virtual technology for research collaboration N2 - Digital research infrastructures can be divided into four categories: large equipment, IT infrastructure, social infrastructure, and information infrastructure. Modern research institutions often employ both IT infrastructure and information infrastructure, such as databases or large-scale research data. In addition, information infrastructure depends to some extent on IT infrastructure. In this paper, we discuss the IT, information, and legal infrastructure issues that research institutions face. T3 - Progress in IS - - KW - digital research infrastructure KW - IT infrastructure KW - information infrastructure KW - Digital Humanities KW - Forschungsdaten KW - Infrastruktur KW - Datenbank KW - Forschungseinrichtung Y1 - 2021 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-104205 SN - 2196-8713 SS - 2196-8713 SN - 978-3-030-66262-2 SB - 978-3-030-66262-2 U6 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66262-2_5 DO - https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66262-2_5 SP - 67 EP - 76 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Buchbeitrag A1 - Helmer, Henrike A1 - Betz, Emma A1 - Deppermann, Arnulf ED - Betz, Emma ED - Deppermann, Arnulf ED - Mondada, Lorenza ED - Sorjonen, Marja-Leena T1 - Coordination of OKAY, nods, and gaze in claiming understanding and closing topics T2 - OKAY across Languages: Toward a comparative approach to its use in talk-in-interaction N2 - Our paper examines how bodily behavior contributes to the local meaning of OKAY. We explore the interplay between OKAY as response to informings and narratives and accompanying multimodal resources in German multi-party interaction. Based on informal and institutional conversations, we describe three different uses of OKAY with falling intonation and the recurrent multimodal patterns that are associated with them and that can be characterized as ‘multimodal gestalts’. We show that: 1. OKAY as a claim to sufficient understanding is typically accompanied by upward nodding; 2. OKAY after change-of-state tokens exhibits a recurrent pattern of up- and downward nodding with distinctive timing; and 3. OKAY closing larger activities is associated with gaze-aversion from the prior speaker. T3 - Studies in language and social interaction - -34- KW - nodding KW - gaze KW - multimodal KW - bodily conduct KW - object manipulation KW - O.K. KW - Blickverhalten KW - Körpersprache KW - Nichtverbale Kommunikation KW - Konversationsanalyse KW - Pragmatik KW - understanding KW - closing KW - transition KW - change-of-state token KW - German Y1 - 2021 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-103872 SN - 1879-3983 SS - 1879-3983 SN - 978-90-272-6028-4 SB - 978-90-272-6028-4 SN - 978-90-272-0815-6 SB - 978-90-272-0815-6 U6 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.34.12hel DO - https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.34.12hel N1 - This is a postprint of an article that was published in the book "OKAY across Languages: Toward a comparative approach to its use in talk-in-interaction". The published article is under copyright of Benjamins. The publisher should be contacted for permission to re-use or reprint the material in any form. SP - 363 EP - 393 PB - Benjamins CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Buchbeitrag A1 - Betz, Emma A1 - Deppermann, Arnulf ED - Betz, Emma ED - Deppermann, Arnulf ED - Mondada, Lorenza ED - Sorjonen, Marja-Leena T1 - OKAY in responding and claiming understanding T2 - OKAY across Languages: Toward a comparative approach to its use in talk-in-interaction N2 - OKAY originates from English, but it is increasingly used across languages. This chapter presents data from 13 languages, illustrating the spectrum of possible uses of OKAY in responding and claiming understanding in contexts of informings. Drawing on a wide range of interaction types from both informal and institutional contexts, including those crucially involving embodied practices, we show how OKAY can be used to (i) claim sufficient understanding, (ii) mark understanding of the prior informing as preliminary or not complete, and (iii) index discrepancy of expectation. T3 - Studies in language and social interaction - 34- KW - O.K. KW - Datenanalyse KW - Konversationsanalyse KW - Pragmatik KW - Kontrastive Linguistik KW - informing KW - second position KW - third position KW - closing KW - understanding KW - intersubjectivity KW - newsmark KW - continuer KW - (discrepancy of) expectation KW - prosody Y1 - 2021 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-103858 SN - 1879-3983 SS - 1879-3983 SN - 978-90-272-6028-4 SB - 978-90-272-6028-4 SN - 978-90-272-0815-6 SB - 978-90-272-0815-6 U6 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.34.03bet DO - https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.34.03bet N1 - This is a postprint of an article that was published in the book "OKAY across Languages: Toward a comparative approach to its use in talk-in-interaction". The published article is under copyright of Benjamins. The publisher should be contacted for permission to re-use or reprint the material in any form. SP - 55 EP - 92 PB - Benjamins CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP U1 - Buchbeitrag A1 - Deppermann, Arnulf A1 - Mondada, Lorenza ED - Betz, Emma ED - Deppermann, Arnulf ED - Mondada, Lorenza ED - Sorjonen, Marja-Leena T1 - Data and methods used in the study of OKAY across languages T2 - OKAY across Languages: Toward a comparative approach to its use in talk-in-interaction N2 - In this chapter, we overview the specificity of comparisons made within the perspective of Conversation Analysis (CA), and we position them in relation to other fields. We introduce the analytical mentality, methodology, and procedures of CA, and we show how we used it for the analysis of OKAY in this volume. T3 - Studies in language and social interaction - -34 KW - Konversationsanalyse KW - O.K. KW - Pragmatik KW - Methodologie KW - Kontrastive Linguistik KW - comparison KW - data KW - transcription KW - recording KW - multimodality KW - sequentiality KW - context Y1 - 2021 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-103845 SN - 1879-3983 SS - 1879-3983 SN - 978-90-272-6028-4 SB - 978-90-272-6028-4 SN - 978-90-272-0815-6 SB - 978-90-272-0815-6 U6 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.34.02mon DO - https://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.34.02mon N1 - This is a postprint of an article that was published in the book "OKAY across Languages: Toward a comparative approach to its use in talk-in-interaction". The published article is under copyright of Benjamins. The publisher should be contacted for permission to re-use or reprint the material in any form. SP - 29 EP - 51 PB - Benjamins CY - Amsterdam ER -