TY  - JOUR
U1  - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed)
A1  - Ruppenhofer, Josef
A1  - Michaelis, Laura A.
T1  - Frames, polarity and causation
JF  - Corpora
N2  - A polarity-sensitive item (PSI), as traditionally defined, is an expression that is restricted to either an affirmative or negative context. PSIs like ‘lift a finger’ and ‘all the time in the world’ sub-serve discourse routines like understatement and emphasis. Lexical–semantic classes are increasingly invoked in descriptions of the properties of PSIs. Here, we use English corpus data and the tools of Frame Semantics (Fillmore, 1982, 1985) to explore Israel’s (2011) observation that the semantic role of a PSI determines how the expression fits into a contextually constructed scalar model. We focus on a class of exceptions implied by Israel’s model: cases in which a given PSI displays two countervailing patterns of polarity sensitivity, with attendant differences in scalar entailments. We offer a set of case studies of polaritysensitive expressions – including verbs of attraction and aversion like ‘can live without’, monetary units like ‘a red cent’, comparative adjectives and time-span adverbials – that demonstrate that the interpretation of a given PSI in a given polar context is based on multiple factors. These factors include the speaker’s perspective on and affective stance towards the described event, available inferences about causality and, perhaps most critically, particulars of the predication, including the verb or adjective’s frame membership, the presence or absence of an ability modal like can, the grammatical construction used and the range of contingencies evoked by the utterance.
KW  - Frame-Semantik
KW  - Formale Semantik
KW  - Wissensextration
KW  - Frame semantics
KW  - polarity sensitive items
KW  - scalar rhetoric
KW  - sentiment analysis
KW  - Affirmativer Polaritätsausdruck
Y1  - 2016
UN  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-52601
SN  - 1749-5032
SS  - 1749-5032
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2016.0094
DO  - https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2016.0094
N1  - The article has been accepted for publication by Edinburgh University Press in the journal "Corpora,  Volume 11 Issue 2, Page 259-290, ISSN 1749-5032, Available Online Sep 2016"(DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2016.0094).
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 259
EP  - 290
PB  - Edinburgh University Press
CY  - Edinburgh
ER  -