TY  - CHAP
U1  - Teil eines Buches
A1  - Weber, Thilo
T1  - Tense, aspect, and mood in Germanic
T2  - The Oxford Encyclopedia of Germanic Linguistics
N2  - Tense, aspect, and mood are grammatical categories concerned with different notional facets of the event or situation conveyed by a given clause. They are prototypically expressed by the verbal system. Tense can be defined as a category that relates points or intervals in time to one another; in a most basic model, those include the time of the event or situation referred to and the speech time. The former may precede the latter (“past”), follow it (“future”), or be simultaneous with it (or at least overlap with it; “present”). Aspect is concerned with the internal temporal constituency of the event or situation, which may be viewed as a single whole (“perfective”) or with particular reference to its internal structure (“imperfective”), including its being ongoing at a certain point in time (“progressive”). Mood, in a narrow, morphological sense, refers to the inflectional realization of modality, with modality encompassing a large and varying set of sub-concepts such as possibility, necessity, probability, obligation, permission, ability, and volition. In the domain of tense, all Germanic languages make a distinction between non-past and past. In most languages, the opposition can be expressed inflectionally, namely, by the present and preterite (indicative). All modern languages also have a periphrastic perfect as well as periphrastic forms that can be used to refer to future events. Aspect is characteristically absent as a morphological category across the entire family, but most, if not all, modern languages have periphrastic forms for the expression of aspectual categories such as progressiveness. Regarding mood, Germanic languages are commonly described as distinguishing up to three such form paradigms, namely, indicative, imperative, and a third one referred to here as subjunctive. Morphologically distinct subjunctive forms are, however, more typical of earlier stages of Germanic than they are of most present-day languages.
KW  - Germanische Sprachen
KW  - Syntax
KW  - Morphologie <Linguistik>
KW  - Tempus
KW  - Aspekt <Linguistik>
KW  - Modus
KW  - tense
KW  - mood
KW  - aspect
KW  - modality
KW  - Germanic
KW  - present
KW  - past
KW  - future
KW  - progressive
KW  - subjunctive
Y1  - 2023
UN  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-122089
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.983
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.983
N1  - Dieser Beitrag ist aus urheberrecchtlichen Gründen online nicht frei zugänglich.
SP  - 1
EP  - 38
PB  - Oxford University Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  -